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Today in History 12/10 (Queen of England, Catherine Howard)

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Catherine Howard, fifth wife and Queen of Henry VIII (© The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images)(1541) Two men are executed for affairs with Henry VIII’s wife
Thomas Culpeper, a friend of the king, and Francis Dereham are executed after confessing, under torture, to affairs with the Queen of England Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII. Catherine will meet a hard end, too — she will be beheaded within months.
Francis DerehamFrancis Dereham was a Tudor courtier whose involvement with Henry VIII’s fifth Queen, Catherine Howard, in her youth, was a principal cause of the Queen’s execution.
Died: Dec 10, 1541
Parents: John ( Thomas ) Derham · John Paynell

wiki/Francis_Dereham
Thomas CulpeperThomas Culpeper was a courtier and close friend of Henry VIII, and related to two of his queens, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard. He is known to have had many private meetings with Catherine after her marriage, though these may have involved political intrigue. A letter was found written by Queen Catherine and she signed it, “yours as long as life endures.” He blamed the queen, saying he tried to end it, but she was, “dying of love for him”. Under torture, he confessed to adultery, and both were beheaded for treason.
Born: 1514
Died: Dec 10, 1541 · Tyburn
Buried: St Sepulchre
Parents: Sir Alexander Culpeper (Father) · Constance Harper (Mother)
Siblings: Thomas Culpeper (Brother)

wiki/Thomas_Culpeper
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(1541) Two men are executed for affairs with Henry VIII’s wife.
Also on this day,

1884 | Adventures of Huckleberry Finn’ is published in England
In colloquial language, Mark Twain’s novel tells the story of its narrator, Huck Finn, and Jim, a runaway slave. The book, which condemns racism, will stir controversy: It’s called “rough, coarse, and inelegant” and “more suited to the slums,” which Twain jokes will spur sales.
1901 | The first Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden
Inventor of dynamite and manufacturer of weapons, Alfred Nobel didn’t want to be remembered as a “merchant of death,” and so willed that his fortune should fund annual awards to celebrate work that “shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind.” Today, on the fifth anniversary of his death, the first prizes are conferred.
1967 | Singer Otis Redding dies at 26 in plane crash
Otis Redding’s private plane plummets into a lake just short of the runway in Madison, Wisconsin, killing Redding and six other passengers. Just the day before, the soul singer recorded ‘The Dock of the Bay,’ which will become the first posthumous No. 1 hit.

Today in History 12/10/17

Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and inventor whose fortune funded the Nobel Prizes (© Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images)(1901) The first Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden
Inventor of dynamite and manufacturer of weapons, Alfred Nobel didn't want to be remembered as a "merchant of death," and so willed that his fortune should fund annual awards to celebrate work that "shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind." Today, on the fifth anniversary of his death, the first prizes are conferred.
The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural or scientific advances.
Nobel Prize
A golden medallion with an embossed image of Alfred Nobel facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then "MDCCCXXXIII" above, followed by (smaller) "OB•" then "MDCCCXCVI" below.

wiki/Nobel_Prize
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Today in History 12/01 (Rosa Parks)

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Mugshot of Rosa Parks in 1955 (© Universal History Archive/Getty images)(1955) Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat to a white man
Cops arrest the African-American seamstress for violating Montgomery, Alabama’s racial segregation laws that require black patrons to sit in the back of a bus and give up their seats to whites. The incident leads to a bus boycott, spearheaded by a young minister, Martin Luther King, Jr.
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was an activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The United States Congress has called her “the first lady of civil rights” and “the mother of the freedom movement”.
Lived: Feb 04, 1913 – Oct 24, 2005 (age 92)
Height: 5′ 3″
Spouse: Raymond Parks (m. 1932 – 1977)
Education: Alabama State Teachers College for Negroes · Highlander Folk School
Parents: Leona McCauley (Mother) · James McCauley (Father)
Siblings: Sylvester McCauley (Brother)
Highlights
  • 1932: In 1932, Rosa married Raymond Parks, a barber from Montgomery.

  • 1943: Initially, she did not notice that the bus driver was the same man, James F. Blake, who had left her in the rain in 1943.

  • 1955: On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks refused to obey bus driver James F. Blake’s order to give up her seat in the “colored section” to a white passenger, after the whites-only section was filled.

  • 1992: In 1992, Parks published Rosa Parks: My Story, an autobiography aimed at younger readers, which recounts her life leading to her decision to keep her seat on the bus.

  • 2005: The lawsuit was settled on April 15, 2005 (six months and nine days before Parks’ death); OutKast, their producer and record labels paid Parks an undisclosed cash settlement.

  • 2005: Parks died of natural causes on October 24, 2005, at the age of 92, in her apartment on the east side of Detroit.

Photograph of Rosa Parks with Dr. Martin Luther King jr. (ca. 1955)
Photograph of Rosa Parks with Dr. Martin Luther King jr. (ca. 1955) Mrs. Rosa Parks altered the negro progress in Montgomery, Alabama, 1955, by the bus boycott she began. National Archives record ID: 306-PSD-65-1882 (Box 93). Source: Ebony Magazine
wiki/Rosa_Parks
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(1955) Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat to a white man.
Also on this day,

1934 | ‘Great Purge’ begins with assassination of Party leader as Sergei Kirov murdered
Sergei Kirov is gunned down at Communist Party headquarters in Leningrad. Many suspect Soviet leader Joseph Stalin is behind the assassination, though a connection will not be proved. Kirov’s death, however, marks the beginning of Stalin’s ‘Great Purge,’ in which a million or more people will be executed.
1959 | Antarctica treaty turns Antarctica into a scientific preserve
Twelve countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, sign a treaty that prohibits any military activity on Antarctica. The agreement stipulates that the continent will be used only for scientific research. It will be considered the first arms control agreement of the Cold War.
1990 | Chunnel breaks through as Workers drill breakthrough hole in Chunnel project
England is now connected to the European mainland via a tunnel that runs deep under the English Channel. When it opens in 1994, the Chunnel project will have taken 13,000 workers about six years to complete the 31-mile long tunnel that stretches from the English town of Folkestone to Coquelles in France.

Today in History 12/01/17

Flags of the original 12 signatory nations of the Antarctic Treaty fly at McMurdo Station, Antarctica (© Rob Jones/National Science Foundation via Getty images)(1959) Treaty turns Antarctica into a scientific preserve
Twelve countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, sign a treaty that prohibits any military activity on Antarctica. The agreement stipulates that the continent will be used only for scientific research. It will be considered the first arms control agreement of the Cold War.
The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively known as the Antarctic Treaty System, regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only continent without a native human population. For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all of the land and ice shelves south of 60°S latitude. The treaty, entering into force in 1961 and having 53 parties as of 2016, sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, establishes freedom of scientific investigation and bans military activity on that continent. The treaty was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War. The Antarctic Treaty Secretariat headquarters is located in Buenos Aires Argentina, since September 2004.
Antarctic Treaty parties
[ORANGE] Parties with consulting status making a claim to Antarctic territory [YELLOW] Parties with consulting status reserving the right to make a territorial claim [BLUE] Other parties with consulting status [GREEN] Parties without consulting status [RED] Non-party UN member states and observers

wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System
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