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Today in History 05/07/17

German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (© Universal History Archive/Getty Images)(1824) Beethoven’s 9th premieres in Vienna
In his first stage appearance in over a decade, German composer Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125 in Vienna, Austria. Although he wrote the symphony when nearly deaf, it will turn out to be his greatest triumph.
The Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125, also known as “the Choral”, is Ludwig van Beethoven’s final complete symphony. Completed in 1824, the symphony is one of the best-known works in classical music. It is almost universally considered by critics to be one of Beethoven’s greatest works, and many consider it one of the greatest compositions in the western musical canon. The symphony was the first example of a major composer using voices in a symphony. The words are sung during the final movement by four vocal soloists and a chorus. They were taken from the “Ode to Joy”, a poem written by Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and revised in 1803, with text additions made by the composer. In the 2010s, it stands as one of the most performed symphonies in the world.
Completed: 1824
Composer: Ludwig van Beethoven
Compositional forms: Symphony · Choral symphony · Lied
Key: D minor

wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Beethoven)
Mick Jagger and Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones, circa 1965 (© Terry O'Neill/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)(1965) Keith Richards gets ‘Satisfaction’
Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards has placed a tape recorder next to his bed in a Clearwater, Florida, motel room, and he awakes to find that at some point in the early morning he’d laid down the opening riff of ‘(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction.’ The Stones will record the song, with its distinctive guitar hook, just days later and it will make them superstars.

“(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction” is a song by the English rock band the Rolling Stones, released in 1965. It was written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards and produced by Andrew Loog Oldham. Richards’ three-note guitar riff‍—‌intended to be replaced by horns‍—‌opens and drives the song. The lyrics refer to sexual frustration and commercialism.

The song was first released as a single in the United States in June 1965 and was also featured on the American version of the Rolling Stones’ fourth studio album, Out of Our Heads, released that July. “Satisfaction” was a hit, giving the Stones their first number one in the US. In the UK, the song initially was played only on pirate radio stations, because its lyrics were considered too sexually suggestive. It later became the Rolling Stones’ fourth number one in the United Kingdom.

In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine placed “(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction” in the second spot on its list of “The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time”. The song was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2006.


Album: Out of Our Heads
Artist: The Rolling Stones
Release year: 1965
Duration: 3:43
Genre: Rock, Classic Rock

wiki/(I_Can%27t_Get_No)_Satisfaction
Oakland Raiders owner Owner Al Davis circa 1981 (© Focus on Sport/Getty Images)(1982) NFL’s Raiders move to Los Angeles
After two years of lawsuits, outspoken, uncompromising team owner Al Davis is finally allowed to move the Raiders from Oakland to Los Angeles. The Raiders will play there until 1995 when they will move back to Oakland. In 2017, they will flirt with a return to L.A. before announcing plans to relocate to Las Vegas.
The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California. The team was founded on January 30, 1960, and commenced operations on September 11, 1960, as a member of the American Football League at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, California; they are currently members of the National Football League, which merged with the AFL in 1970. The Raiders currently compete in the NFL as a member club of the league’s American Football Conference West division and play their home games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum. At the end of the NFL’s 2015 season, the Raiders boasted a lifetime regular-season record of 444 wins, 397 losses, and 11 ties; their lifetime playoff record currently stands at 25 wins and 18 losses.
Founded: 1960
Coach: Jack Del Rio
Venue: Mount Davis
Owner: Mark Davis
Championships: 2003 AFC Championship Game · Super Bowl XVIII · Super Bowl XV · Super Bowl XI · 1967 American Football League Championship Game
Location: Oakland

wiki/Oakland_Raiders
Russian President Vladimir Putin addresses WWII veterans on May 7, 2000. (© Mikhail Metzel/AP)(2000) Russia inaugurates Vladimir Putin as president
A former lieutenant colonel in the Soviet KGB, Vladimir Putin becomes Russia’s second president after winning the popular vote. He will wrest tight control of the country’s power structure, as president and later as prime minister, re-establishing the firm authority of the centralized government.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is the current President of the Russian Federation, holding the office since 7 May 2012. He was Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000, President from 2000 to 2008, and again Prime Minister from 2008 to 2012. During his second term as Prime Minister, he was the Chairman of the ruling United Russia Party.
Born: Oct 07, 1952 (age 64) · Saint Petersburg, Russia
Height: 5′ 7″ (1.70 m)
Office: President of Russia (Since 2012)
Spouse: Lyudmila Putina (m. 1983 – 2014)
Children: Yekaterina Putina (Daughter) · Mariya Putina (Daughter)
Previous offices: Prime Minister of Russia (2008 – 2012) · Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union State (2008 – 2012) · Leader of United Russia (2008 – 2012) · President of Russia (2000 – 2008) · Prime Minister of Russia (1999 – 2000) · Acting President of Russia (1999 – 2000) · Acting Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation (1999 – 1999)
Highlights
  • 1983: Vladimir Putin married Lyudmila Putina on July 28, 1983; their marriage lasted 31 years till April 02, 2014.

  • 1998: On 25 July 1998, Yeltsin appointed Putin as Director of the Federal Security Service (FSB), the primary intelligence and security organization of the Russian Federation and successor of the KGB.

  • 2008: In April 2008, Putin became the first Russian President who visited Libya.

  • 2008: In a power-switching operation on 8 May 2008, only a day after handing the presidency to Medvedev, Putin was appointed Prime Minister of Russia, maintaining his political dominance.

  • 2012: Putin’s presidency was inaugurated in the Kremlin on 7 May 2012.

  • 2015: In June 2015, Putin told an Italian newspaper that Russia has no intention of attacking NATO.

wiki/Vladimir_Putin
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Today in History 01/03/17

'Luther at the Diet of Worms', 1882. Martin Luther (1483-1546) was a major inspiration behind the Reformation. He was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX in 1521 and declared an outlaw at the Diet of Worms. Under the protection of the Elector of Saxony, Luther produced a German translation of the Bible, and he went on to found the Lutheran Protestant Church. A print from The Magazine of Art Vol V, Cassell, Peter, Galpin and Company, Limited, 1882. (Photo by The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images)(1521) Martin Luther excommunicated
Pope Leo X excommunicates professor Martin Luther from the Catholic Church after Luther refuses to recant his views on Church corruption. Luther’s views will eventually inspire the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation.
Lived: Nov 10, 1483 – Feb 18, 1546 (age 62)
Spouse: Katharina von Bora (m. 1525 – 1546)
Education: University of Erfurt (1501 – 1505)
Children: Magdalena Luther (Daughter) · Paul Luther (Son) · Elisabeth Luther (Daughter) · Martin Luther (Son) · Margarethe Luther (Daughter) · Hans Luther (Son)
Compositions: A Mighty Fortress Is Our God
Parents: Hans Luther (Father) · Margarethe Luther (Mother)
Highlights
  • 1483: Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (née Lindemann) on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Saxony, then part of the Holy Roman Empire.

  • 1517: On 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences.

  • 1520: Three of his best-known works were published in 1520: To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church, and On the Freedom of a Christian.

  • 1520: On 15 June 1520, the Pope warned Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences drawn from his writings, including the Ninety-five Theses, within 60 days.

  • 1524: He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch, 18 of 26 songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion, and 24 of the 32 songs in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn, all published in 1524.

  • 1525: Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora on June 13, 1525.

wiki/Martin_Luther
UNITED KINGDOM - JANUARY 19: Launched by the Hamilton Watch Company of Pennsylvania, United States on 3 January 1957, this was the world?s first battery-powered wristwatch. A significant advance in the development of electric timekeeping, it took more than ten years to develop. The timekeeping was controlled by a conventional balance wheel, but kept in motion by electromagnets, rather than a main spring. The Hamilton electric watch was an instant success, making the need to wind watches by hand a thing of the past. Its popularity was also due to its modern styling - Hamilton employed designer Richard Arbib to produce a range of dramatic case styles to accompany the movement. These watches were in production until 1969, when they were replaced by superior quartz movement technology. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)(1957) First electric watch debuts
The world’s first battery-powered wristwatch is introduced by Pennsylvania’s Hamilton Watch Company, advancing time-keeping technology from mechanical and automatic to electronic movements.
In horology the term electric watch is used for the first generation electrically-powered wristwatches which were first publicly displayed by both Elgin National Watch Company and LIP on the 19th of March 1952 with working laboratory examples in Chicago and Paris. Hamilton would be the first to produce and retail an electric watch beginning in 1957, before the commercial introduction of the quartz wristwatch in 1969 by Seiko with the Astron. Their timekeeping element was either a traditional balance wheel or a tuning fork, driven electromagnetically by a solenoid powered by a battery. The hands were driven mechanically through a wheel train. They were superseded by quartz watches, which had greater accuracy and durability due to their lower parts count. Recent automatic quartz watches, which combine mechanical technology with quartz timekeeping, are not included in this classification.
wiki/Electric_watch
UNITED STATES - JANUARY 01: Photo of Aretha FRANKLIN (Photo by Ebet Roberts/Redferns)(1987) First woman inducted into Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Aretha Franklin is chosen to be among the honorees at the second annual ceremony, becoming the first woman admitted to rock music’s hall of fame.
Aretha Louise Franklin is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Franklin began her career singing gospel at her father, minister C. L. Franklin’s church as a child. In 1960, at the age of 18, Franklin embarked on a secular career, recording for Columbia Records but only achieving modest success. Following her signing to Atlantic Records in 1967, Franklin achieved commercial acclaim and success with songs such as “Respect”, A Natural Woman” and “Think”. These hits and more helped her to gain the title The Queen of Soul by the end of the 1960s decade.
Born: Mar 25, 1942 (age 74) · Memphis, TN
Height: 5′ 5″ (1.65 m)
Net worth: $60 million USD (2016)
Spouse: Glynn Turman (m. 1978 – 1984) · Ted White (m. 1961 – 1969)
Children: Ted White Jr. (Son) · Edward Franklin (Son) · Kecalf Cunningham (Son) · Clarence Franklin (Son)
Siblings: Erma Franklin (Sister) · Carolyn Franklin (Sister) · Rev. Cecil Franklin (Brother) · Vaughn Franklin (Brother) · Carl Ellan Kelley (Sister)

wiki/Aretha_Franklin
WAS02:ENTERTAINMENT-LIFE-PEANUTS:LOS ANGELES,CALIFORNIA,2JAN00 - UNDATED FILE PHOTOGRAPH - After five decades of watching his kite eaten by trees, his baseball games collapse in disarray, and his dog Snoopy walk away with the best lines, Charlie Brown and his gang say farewell Monday in the final new "Peanuts" comic strip in daily newspapers. The characters shown, from the left, are Pigpen, Peppermint Patty, Schroeder (back) Linus, Franklin (back) Snoopy, Charlie Brown, Sally (back) Lucy, Marcie and Woodstock. (MANDATORY CREDIT: fsp/Photo Courtesy PEANUTS © United Feature Syndicate, Inc. REUTERS(2000) Last daily ‘Peanuts’ comic strip is published
Charles Schulz’s beloved gang of friends take their final bow after 17,896 four-panel strips and 50 years of newspaper syndication. The ‘Peanuts strip also spawned TV specials, movies, and collectible items, an empire said to have netted Schulz a fortune.
Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz, which ran from October 2, 1950, to February 13, 2000, continuing in reruns afterward. The strip is the most popular and influential in the history of comic strips, with 17,897 strips published in all, making it “arguably the longest story ever told by one human being”. At its peak, Peanuts ran in over 2,600 newspapers, with a readership of 355 million in 75 countries, and was translated into 21 languages. It helped to cement the four-panel gag strip as the standard in the United States, and together with its merchandise earned Schulz more than $1 billion. Reprints of the strip are still syndicated and run in almost every U.S. newspaper.
Characters: Charlie Brown · Snoopy · Schroeder · Peppermint Patty · Lucy van Pelt · Linus van Pelt · Woodstock · Sally Brown · Shermy · Little Red-Haired Girl · Pig-Pen · Marcie · Violet · Rerun van Pelt
Adaptations: The Peanuts Movie (2015) · Bon Voyage, Charlie Brown (and Don’t Come Back!!) (1980)

wiki/Peanuts
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Today in History 12/13/16

Today in History
(1937) Japanese forces massacre thousands at Nanking
1937 During the Sino-Japanese War, Japan overtakes the capital of China and Gen. Matsui Iwane orders the city destroyed. His troops will butcher about 150,000 Chinese men and rape 20,000 women and girls, most of whom will be killed afterward. Iwane will later be hanged for war crimes.

The Nanking Massacre was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against the residents of Nanjing, then the capital of the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The massacre occurred over a period of six weeks starting on December 13, 1937, the day that the Japanese captured Nanjing. During this period, soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army murdered Chinese civilians and disarmed combatants who numbered an estimated 40,000 to over 300,000, and perpetrated widespread rape and looting.

Start date: Dec 13, 1937
End date: Jan 1938

— Source: wiki/Nanking_Massacre
(1989) South African President de Klerk meets Nelson Mandela
South Africa’s President F.W. de Klerk holds his first meeting with imprisoned African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela at his office in Cape Town. In the coming months, de Klerk will call for a “new South Africa,” lift the ban on the ANC and other groups, and release Mandala from prison after 26 years. 1989

Frederik Willem de Klerk is a South African politician who served as the country’s State President from August 1989 to May 1994. He was the seventh and last head of state of South Africa under the apartheid era. De Klerk was also leader of the National Party from February 1989 to September 1997.

Born: Mar 18, 1936 (age 80) · Johannesburg, South Africa
Height: 5′ 10″ (1.78 m)
Spouse: Elita Georgiades (m. 1998) · Marike de Klerk (m. 1959 – 1998)
Previous offices: Deputy President of South Africa (1994 – 1996) · State President of South Africa (1989 – 1994) · State President of South Africa (1989 – 1994)
Awards: Nobel Peace Prize (1993) · Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize (1991) · Time Person of the Year (1993) · Philadelphia Liberty Medal (1993) · Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation
Parties: National Party · New National Party

Highlights

  • 1990: A couple of months later, in February 1990, he suddenly lifted the bans on the African National Congress (ANC) and the Communist Party of South Africa, released Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners.

  • 1993: In 1993, De Klerk and Mandela were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work in ending apartheid.

  • 1996: He was one of the deputy presidents of South Africa during the presidency of Nelson Mandela until 1996, and is the most recent white South African and Afrikaner to have held the position.

  • 1998: F.W. de Klerk married Elita Georgiades on November 07, 1998.

  • 1999: In 1999, de Klerk established the pro-peace FW de Klerk Foundation of which he is the chairman.

  • 2001: On 4 December 2001, Marike de Klerk was found stabbed and strangled to death in her Cape Town flat.

— Source: wiki/F._W._de_Klerk
(2000) Gore concedes and Bush wins closest presidential race in US history
2000 After a protracted recount of votes in Florida and a US Supreme Court decision the previous day validating Florida’s declaration of George Bush the winner there, Bush becomes president-elect as Al Gore concedes. In Gore’s televised speech, he jokes that he promised Bush he wouldn’t call him back after changing his mind.
(2003) Former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein is captured
After nine months on the run, Saddam Hussein is found hiding in a “spider hole” 6-8 feet underground near his hometown of Tikrit. He offers no resistance to US troops and looks like a different man than during his 24-year reign: Saddam is filthy, with a bushy, unkempt beard. 2003

Operation Red Dawn was an American military operation conducted on 13 December 2003 in the town of ad-Dawr, Iraq, near Tikrit, that led to the capture of Iraqi president Saddam Hussein. The operation was named after the 1984 film Red Dawn. The mission was assigned to the 1st Brigade Combat Team of the 4th Infantry Division, commanded by Maj. Gen. Raymond Odierno and led by Col. James Hickey of the 4th Infantry Division, with joint operations Task Force 121—an elite and covert joint special operations team.

Date: Dec 13, 2003

— Source: wiki/Operation_Red_Dawn
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Today in History 12/09/16

Today in History
(1950) Harry Gold goes to prison for atomic espionage
1950 American Harry Gold is sentenced to 30 years for passing top-secret information about the atomic bomb from British spy Klaus Fuchs to Soviet agents. Gold admitted to his role and provided information that will lead to the arrest, and execution, of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.

Harry Gold was a laboratory chemist and spy for a number of Soviet spy rings operating in the United States during the Manhattan Project. Gold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Russian Jewish immigrants. As a young man he became interested in socialism which eventually led him to contacts within the Communist movement.

Born: Dec 11, 1910 · Philadelphia, PA
Died: Aug 28, 1972 · Philadelphia, PA

Highlights

  • 1932: He lost his job in 1932 as a result of the Great Depression.

  • 1935: Gold was recruited into espionage on behalf of the Soviet Union in 1935 by Thomas Lessing Black.

  • 1940: In 1940, Harry Gold was activated for Soviet espionage by Jacob Golos, but he was not a recruited agent of the rezidentura.

  • 1940: Gold attended Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio, and graduated summa cum laude in 1940.

  • 1944: Semenov remained Gold’s control officer until March 1944.

  • 1972: He died in 1972 in Philadelphia, age 62; he was interred in Har Nebo Cemetery in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.

— Source: wiki/Harry_Gold
(1965) Charlie Brown’s ‘Christmas’ defies the odds and becomes a classic
Charles Schulz’ comic strip ‘Peanuts’ may be a huge hit, but CBS predicts disaster when ‘A Charlie Brown Christmas’ premieres tonight. Child actors voicing the characters, no laugh track, a jazz score, and a depressed lead character all spell doom. But the show will become an instant classic, airing every Christmas season since. 1965

Christmastime is here. Happiness and cheer. And for Peanuts fans everywhere, it just wouldn’t be Christmas without this classic holiday delight. Christmas lights may be twinkling red and green, but Charlie Brown has the Yuletide blues. To get in the holiday spirit, he takes Lucy’s advice and directs the Christmas play. And what’s a Christmas play without a Christmas tree? But everyone makes fun of the short, spindly nevergreen Charlie Brown brings back – until the real meaning of Christmas works its magic once again.

Release date: Dec 09, 1965
Director: Bill Melendez
First episode: 1965
Episode duration: 25 minutes
Cast: Peter Robbins · Bill Melendez · Christopher Shea · Tracy Stratford · Kathy Steinberg · Chris Doran · Karen Mendelson · Geoffrey Ornstein · Ann Altieri · Chris Shearer
Music by: Vince Guaraldi

— Source: wiki/A_Charlie_Brown_Christmas
— IMDB: www.imdb.com/title/tt0059026/
(1990) Lech Walesa elected president of Poland
1990 In a landslide, the mustachioed labor leader and electrician becomes the first directly elected president of Poland in decades with the slogan: “I don’t want to, but I’ve got no choice.” Walesa rose to prominence in the Solidarity movement and was awarded the 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for his work..

Lech Wałęsa; Polish:; born 29 September 1943 is a retired Polish politician and labor activist. He co-founded and headed Solidarity, the Soviet bloc’s first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995.

Born: Sep 29, 1943 (age 73) · Popowo, Poland
Spouse: Danuta Wałęsa (m. 1969)
Founded: Solidarity
Previous offices: President of Poland (1990 – 1995) · Solidarity (1980 – 1990)
Movies: Man of Iron
Awards: Nobel Peace Prize (1983) · Presidential Medal of Freedom (1989) · Ronald Reagan Freedom Award (2011) · European Human Rights Prize (1989) · Pacem in Terris Award (2001)

— Source: wiki/Lech_Wałęsa
(2000) Supreme Court halts Florida recount in presidential race
The US Supreme Court, in 5-to-4 ruling, dashes Vice President Al Gore’s hopes to win the presidency when it reverses a lower court ruling and suspends Florida’s hand recount of votes. This sets the stage for the Court’s final ruling three days later, allowing George W. Bush to keep his slim lead in Florida and win the White House.. 2000

Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98, is the United States Supreme Court decision that resolved the dispute surrounding the 2000 presidential election. The ruling was issued on December 12, 2000. On December 9, the Court had preliminarily halted the Florida recount that was occurring. Eight days earlier, the Court unanimously decided the closely related case of Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board, 531 U.S. 70. The Electoral College was scheduled to meet on December 18, 2000, to decide the election.

Date: 2000

— Source: wiki/Bush_v._Gore
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Today in History 11/11/16

Today in History
(1852) Louisa May Alcott sees her first published story in print
1852 American writer Lousia May Alcott, 21, receives $5 in payment from the Saturday Evening Gazette, a Boston weekly, for her story “The Rival Painters: A Story of Rome.” Alcott will go on to publish several more stories in the Gazette before writing the popular children’s novel, ‘Little Women.’.

Louisa May Alcott was an American novelist and poet best known as the author of the novel Little Women and its sequels Little Men and Jo’s Boys. Raised by her transcendentalist parents, Abigail May and Amos Bronson Alcott in New England, she grew up among many of the well-known intellectuals of the day such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau.

Born: Nov 29, 1832 · Germantown, PA
Died: Mar 06, 1888 · Boston, MA
Siblings: Abigail May Alcott Nieriker (Sister) · Anna Alcott Pratt (Sister) · Elizabeth Sewall Alcott (Sister)
Parents: Amos Bronson Alcott (Father) · Abby May (Mother)

— Source: wiki/Louisa_May_Alcott
(1918) The ‘war to end all wars’ has itself finally ended
Germany and the Allies sign an armistice to end the war at the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month. Over 16 million people have died in four years of fighting. WWI is described as ‘the war to end all wars’ due to the bloody devastation. This day will hereafter be known as Armistice Day. . 1918

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was an armistice during the First World War between the Allies and Germany – also known as the Armistice of Compiègne after the location in which it was signed – and the agreement that ended the fighting on the Western Front. It went into effect at 11 a.m. Paris time on 11 November 1918 (“the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month”), and marked a victory for the Allies and a complete defeat for Germany, although not formally a surrender. The Germans were responding to the policies proposed by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in his Fourteen Points of January 1918. The actual terms, largely written by French Marshal and Supreme Commander of the Allied Armies Ferdinand Foch, included the cessation of hostilities, the withdrawal of German troops to behind their own borders, the preservation of infrastructure, the exchange of prisoners, a promise of reparations, the disposition of German warships and submarines, and conditions for prolonging or terminating the armistice. Although the armistice ended the actual fighting, it took six months of negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty, the Treaty of Versailles.

Observance: Commemoration of the Armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany at Compiègne, France, for the cessation of hostilities on the Western Front.
Date: 11 November
Frequency: annual
First time: World’s first official observance at Buckingham Palace, London, on 11 November 1919
Related to: Coincides with Remembrance Day and Veterans Day; and related to Remembrance Sunday

— Source: wiki/Armistice_with_Germany_(Compiègne)
— Related Source: wiki/Armistice_Day
(1921) The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is dedicated in Arlington
1921 The remains of an unknown US soldier killed in World War I have been interred in a tomb in Arlington National Cemetery, and US President Warren Harding consecrates the monument known as the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. Many more soldier remains will follow..

The Tomb of the Unknowns is a monument dedicated to American service members who have died without their remains being identified. It is also known as the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, but it has never been officially named so. It is located in Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, United States of America. The World War I “Unknown” is a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the Victoria Cross, and several other foreign nations’ highest service awards. The U.S. Unknowns who were interred are also recipients of the Medal of Honor, presented by U.S. Presidents who presided over their funerals.

Address: Memorial Dr, Arlington, VA 22211
Website: arlingtoncemetery.mil
Phone: (877) 907-8585
Opened: 1921
Architect: Thomas Hastings

— Source: wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknowns
(2000) Disaster strikes an Austrian train
A funicular railway crammed with skiers turns into death trap when it catches fire in an Alpine tunnel. Toxic smoke and flames overwhelm the passengers, which include many children, claiming 115 lives. Only 12 people escape. A heater turns out to be the source of the fire.. 2000

The Kaprun disaster was a fire that occurred in an ascending train in the tunnel of the Gletscherbahn Kaprun 2 funicular in Kaprun, Austria, on 11 November 2000. The disaster claimed the lives of 155 people, leaving 12 survivors from the burning train. The victims were skiers on their way to the Kitzsteinhorn Glacier.

Fatalities: 155
Date: Nov 11, 2000

— Source: wiki/Kaprun_disaster
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