19th Amendment

Today in History 08/18 (Henry IV of France)

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Henry of Navarre and Marguerite of Valois as depicted in Catherine de' Medici's Book of Hours (Public Domain)(1572) A royal wedding bids to bridge religions in France
Notre Dame Cathedral hosts the nuptials of France’s Protestant Huguenot Henry III of Navarre and Margaret of Valois, a Catholic. The marriage will not heal the country’s religious schism, and just five days later Catholic mobs will attack and kill thousands of Huguenots, Henry barely escaping.
Henry IV, also known by the epithet Good King Henry, was King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.
Lived: Dec 13, 1553 – May 14, 1610 (age 56)
Nationality: French
Spouse: Marie de’ Medici (m. 1600) · Margaret of Valois (m. Aug 18, 1572)
Children: Louis XIII of France (Son) · Henrietta Maria of France (Daughter) · Catherine Henriette de Bourbon (Daughter) · Gaston, Duke of Orléans (Son) · Christine Marie of France (Daughter) · Elisabeth of France (Daughter) · César, Duke of Vendôme (Son) · Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans (Son)
Parents: Jeanne d’Albret (Mother) · Antoine of Navarre (Father)
Siblings: Catherine de Bourbon (Sister)
Highlights
  • 1572: Baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother Jeanne d’Albret, Queen of Navarre, Henry inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother.

  • 1572: In 1572, after the massacre of French Calvinists, he was forced by Catherine de’ Medici and other powerful Roman Catholic royalty to convert.

  • 1572: Henry IV of France married Margaret of Valois on August 18, 1572.

  • 1594: Since Reims, the traditional location for the coronation of French kings, was still occupied by the Catholic League, Henry was crowned King of France at the Cathedral of Chartres on 27 February 1594.

  • 1598: In 1598 he issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted circumscribed toleration to the Huguenots.

  • 1610: Although a formal Roman Catholic, he valued his Calvinist upbringing and was tolerant toward the Huguenots until his death in 1610, and issued the Edict of Nantes which granted many concessions to them.

Henry III on his deathbed designating Henri de Navarre as his successor
Henry III of France on his deathbed designating Henry IV of Navarre as his successor (1589)
wiki/Henry_IV_of_France
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(1572) A royal wedding bids to bridge religions in France.
Also on this day,

1612 | Lancashire Witch trials begin in England
Twelve citizens of Lancashire, England have been accused of 10 murders by way of witchcraft. A brew of familial bad blood, local leaders keen to please King James, and the reputation of Pendle Hill, a wild and wooly part of Lancashire, will lead to the mass hanging of 10 “witches.”
1920 | American women get the right to vote
The US women’s suffrage movement has walked an arduous road, from 1848’s Seneca Falls Convention, through decades of activism, and some violent resistance, but the journey ends as the Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution is ratified 42 years after Congress first introduced it.
1963 | Ole Miss graduates its first African American student
Congratulations are in order as James Meredith graduates with a political science degree from the segregated University of Mississippi, or ‘Ole Miss,’ less than a year after federal troops had to quell racist violence when he became the first African American to enroll in the history of the school.

Today in History 08/18/17

Women line up to vote for the first time in New York after the passing of the 19th Amendment (© Underwood Archives/Getty Images)(1920) American women get the right to vote
The US women's suffrage movement has walked an arduous road, from 1848's Seneca Falls Convention, through decades of activism, and some violent resistance, but the journey ends as the Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution is ratified 42 years after Congress first introduced it.
The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex. It was adopted on August 18, 1920. Until the 1910s, most states did not give women the right to vote. The amendment was the culmination of the women's suffrage movement in the United States, which fought at both state and national levels to achieve the vote. It effectively overruled Minor v. Happersett, in which a unanimous Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give women the right to vote.
19th Amendment
Nineteenth Amendment in the National Archives

wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
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