(1876) Native tribes battle Custer’s 7th Cavalry in Montana A coalition of Native American tribes, resisting a forced move onto reservations, array themselves against George Armstrong Custer’s US 7th Cavalry at the Battle of Little Bighorn in Montana Territory. A vastly overconfident Custer advance is met and wiped out in a matter of an hour.The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and commonly referred to as Custer’s Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which occurred June 25–26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in eastern Montana Territory, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876.
Start date: Jun 25, 1876 End date: Jun 26, 1876
wiki/Battle_of_the_Little_Bighorn(1947) Anne Frank’s ‘The Diary of a Young Girl’ is releasedTwo years after her death at 15 in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, Anne Frank’s account of her time hiding from the Nazis with her Jewish family in Amsterdam is published. The diary, which Frank began on her 13th birthday, is heartbreaking and hopeful in equal measure.The Diary of a Young Girl, also known as The Diary of Anne Frank, is a book of the writings from the Dutch language diary kept by Anne Frank while she was in hiding for two years with her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. The family was apprehended in 1944, and Anne Frank died of typhus in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in 1945. The diary was retrieved by Miep Gies, who gave it to Anne’s father, Otto Frank, the family’s only known survivor, just after the war was over. The diary has since been published in more than 60 languages.
Author: Anne Frank First published: 1947 ATOS reading level: 6.50 Number of pages: 283 Adaptations: The Diary of Anne Frank · Anne Frank Remembered (1995) · The Diary of Anne Frank · Anne no nikki (1995) · Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank (2016) · Dagboek van Anne Frank (1962) · Episode #1.2 · Episode #1.4 · The Diary of Anne Frank: Echoes from the Past · Anne Frank’s Diary · Episode #1.3 · Episode #1.1 Genres: Biography · Children’s literature · High fantasy
wiki/The_Diary_of_a_Young_Girl(1950) North invades south and the Korean War beginsAfter Japan surrendered at the end of World War II and relinquished control of Korea, the nation has been divided between communist and capitalist powers. With support from the Soviet Union, North Korea now invades US-supported South Korea in a bid to reunify the country, and a bloody 3-year war ensues.The Korean War began when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with the United States as the principal force, came to the aid of South Korea. China came to the aid of North Korea, and the Soviet Union gave some assistance.
Start date: Jun 25, 1950 End date: Jul 27, 1953
wiki/Korean_War(1984) ‘Purple Rain’ album hits storesPrince releases his sixth album, which also serves as the soundtrack to his film debut. ‘Purple Rain’ will boost The Purple One to new levels of stardom, producing five hit singles, winning two Grammys and an Oscar, and eventually selling more than 20 million copies.Purple Rain is the sixth studio album by American recording artist Prince, the first to feature his backing band The Revolution, and is the soundtrack album to the 1984 film of the same name. It was released on June 25, 1984 by Warner Bros. Records. To date, it has sold over 22 million copies worldwide, making it the sixth-best-selling soundtrack album of all time.
Release year: 1984 Genre: Pop music, Contemporary Pop Label: Rhino/Warner Bros. Artists: The Revolution · The Purple Ones Movie: Purple Rain Awards: Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media · Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal · Grammy Hall of Fame · American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Album · American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Album · Brit Award for Best Soundtrack/Cast Recording
(1671) Captain Blood tries to pinch England’s Crown JewelsFollowing an elaborate ruse played on the Tower of London’s custodian, Captain Thomas Blood and his henchmen attempt to steal the Crown Jewels. The Sceptre is sawn in two, the Crown flattened, and the Sovereign’s Orb hidden down a pair of trousers. Blood will be captured, but pardoned by King Charles II.Colonel Thomas Blood was an Anglo-Irish officer and self-styled colonel best known for his attempt to steal the Crown Jewels of England from the Tower of London in 1671. Described in an American source as a “noted bravo and desperado,” he was known for his attempt to kidnap and, later, to kill, his enemy, the Duke of Ormonde. He had switched allegiances from Royalist to Roundhead during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and despite his subsequent notoriety received a Royal free pardon and found favour at the court of King Charles II.
Born: 1618 · County Meath, Ireland Died: Aug 24, 1680 · Westminster, England Buried: St Margaret’s, Westminster
Highlights
1642: At the outbreak of the First English Civil War in 1642, Blood returned to England and initially took up arms with the Royalist forces loyal to Charles I. As the conflict progressed he switched sides and became a lieutenant in Oliver Cromwell’s Roundheads.
1653: In 1653 at the cessation of hostilities Cromwell awarded Blood land grants as payment for his service and appointed him a justice of the peace.
1660: Following the Restoration of King Charles II to the Crowns of the Three Kingdoms in 1660, Blood fled with his family to Ireland.
1670: In 1670, despite his status as a wanted man, Blood returned to England and is believed to have taken the name Ayloffe and practised as a doctor or an apothecary in Romford Market, east of London.
1671: On 9 May 1671, in furtherance of the deception, Blood convinced Edwards to show the jewels to him, his supposed nephew, and two of his friends while they waited for a dinner that Mrs Edwards was to put on for Blood and his companions.
1674: He died in 1674 and his tomb rests in the chapel of St Peter’s Ad Vincula, at the Tower of London.
wiki/Thomas_Blood(1914) President Wilson makes Mother’s Day a federal holidaySince 1905, Anna Jarvis has lobbied various officials to adopt a holiday honoring mothers, and she’s succeeded in convincing many US states to take part. Today, President Woodrow Wilson proclaims the second Sunday in May to be Mother’s Day and a US federal holiday.Mother’s Day in the United States is an annual holiday celebrated on the second Sunday in May. Mother’s Day recognizes mothers, motherhood and maternal bonds in general, as well as the positive contributions that they make to society. It was established by Anna Jarvis, with the first official Mother’s Day was celebrated at St. Andrew’s Methodist Church in Grafton, West Virginia, on May 10, 1908. wiki/Mother’s_Day_(United_States)(1950) ‘Dianetics’ self-help book publishedL. Ron Hubbard publishes ‘Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health,’ a system of self-help psychology. Though the American Psychological Association and other organizations will criticize Hubbard’s work, his book will go on to sell millions of copies and become the basis for Scientology.Lafayette Ronald Hubbard, better known as L. Ron Hubbard and often referred to by his initials, LRH, was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology. In 2014, Hubbard was cited by the Smithsonian magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time, as one of the eleven religious figures on that list. After establishing a career as a writer, becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories, he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950. He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology. His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration, literacy and drug rehabilitation. The Church’s dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the most translated and published author in the world. The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard.
Website: www.lronhubbard.org Lived: Mar 13, 1911 – Jan 24, 1986 (age 74) Height: 6′ 0″ (1.83 m) Spouse: Mary Sue Hubbard (m. 1952 – 1986) · Sara Northrup Hollister (m. 1946 – 1951) · Margaret Grubb (m. 1933 – 1947) Parents: Harry Ross Hubbard (Father) · Ledora May (Mother) Children: Quentin Hubbard (Son) · Ronald DeWolf (Son) · Arthur Hubbard (Son) · Diana Hubbard (Daughter) · Suzette Hubbard (Daughter) · Alexis Valerie Hubbard (Daughter) Education: George Washington University · Helena High School
wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard(1958) Hitchcock’s ‘Vertigo’ premieres in San FranciscoA tale of manic obsession and cruel deception, Alfred Hitchcock’s latest thriller has its world premiere. ‘Vertigo’ will disappoint at the box office and receive lukewarm reviews, but will grow in stature to be considered one of history’s greatest films.A San Francisco detective suffering from acrophobia investigates the strange activities of an old friend’s wife, all the while becoming dangerously obsessed with her.
Release date: May 09, 1958 (United States) Director: Alfred Hitchcock Gross revenue: $7.30 million USD Music by: Bernard Herrmann Screenwriters: Maxwell Anderson · Samuel A. Taylor · Alec Coppel Story by: Pierre Boileau · Thomas Narcejac
(404 BCE) Spartans rout the Athenians to win the Peloponnesian WarRaging for 27 years, the conflict between the city-state of Athens and the Peloponnesian League ends after Spartan leader Lysander destroys most of the Athenian fleet, and Athens finally surrenders. The war is over, as is the golden age of Greece.The Peloponnesian War was an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese and attempt to suppress signs of unrest in its empire. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. That treaty, however, was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnese. In 415 BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse in Sicily; the attack failed disastrously, with the destruction of the entire force, in 413 BC. This ushered in the final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In this phase, Sparta, now receiving support from Persia, supported rebellions in Athens’ subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens’ empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy. The destruction of Athens’ fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. Corinth and Thebes demanded that Athens should be destroyed and all its citizens should be enslaved, but Sparta refused.
Start date: 431 BC End date: 404 BC
wiki/Peloponnesian_War(1945) WWII nears end as US and Soviet forces meet in GermanyEast meets West when Soviet and American patrols make contact along Germany’s River Elbe, dividing the Nazi’s remaining military force, and forging a personal alliance between the two Allied countries. Five days later Hitler will commit suicide.
Elbe Day, April 25, 1945, is the day Soviet and American troops met at the Elbe River, near Torgau in Germany, marking an important step toward the end of World War II in Europe. This contact between the Soviets, advancing from the East, and the Americans, advancing from the West, meant that the two powers had effectively cut Germany in two.
Elbe Day has never been an official holiday in any country, but in the years after 1945 the memory of this friendly encounter gained new significance in the context of the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
The first contact between American and Soviet patrols occurred near Strehla, after First Lieutenant Albert Kotzebue, an American soldier, crossed the River Elbe in a boat with three men of an intelligence and reconnaissance platoon. On the east bank they met forward elements of a Soviet Guards rifle regiment of the First Ukrainian Front, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Gardiev. The same day, another patrol under Second Lieutenant William Robertson with Frank Huff, James McDonnell and Paul Staub met a Soviet patrol commanded by Lieutenant Alexander Silvashko on the destroyed Elbe bridge of Torgau.
On April 26, the commanders of the 69th Infantry Division of the First Army and the 58th Guards Rifle Division of the 5th Guards Army (Soviet Union) met at Torgau, southwest of Berlin. Arrangements were made for the formal “Handshake of Torgau” between Robertson and Silvashko in front of photographers the following day, April 27.
The Soviet, American, and British governments released simultaneous statements that evening in London, Moscow, and Washington, reaffirming the determination of the three Allied powers to complete the destruction of the Third Reich.
wiki/Elbe_Day(1950) NBA team drafts first African American playerThe Boston Celtics select Chuck Cooper in the second round, making him the first African American drafted in the NBA. He will make his debut on Nov 1, 1950 and play for six seasons. After retiring, Cooper will get his master’s in social work and work in education and urban affairs in Pittsburgh.Charles Henry “Chuck” Cooper was an American professional basketball player. He and two others, Nat “Sweetwater” Clifton and Earl Lloyd, became the first African-American players in the NBA in 1950. Cooper was also the first African American to be drafted by a National Basketball Association team, as the first pick of the second round by the Boston Celtics.
Born: Sep 29, 1926 · Pittsburgh, PA Died: Feb 05, 1984 · Pittsburgh, PA Height: 6′ 5″ (1.96 m) Education: Duquesne University · West Virginia State University · Westinghouse High School Parents: Daniel
Highlights
1944: He attended Pittsburgh’s Westinghouse High School and graduated in 1944.
1950: He and two others, Nat “Sweetwater” Clifton and Earl Lloyd, became the first African-American players in the NBA in 1950.
1950: Coming out of college in 1950, he signed onto the Harlem Globetrotters.
1950: On April 25, 1950, he became the first African American drafted into the NBA when the Boston Celtics chose him with the 14th overall pick.
1950: He made his NBA debut on November 1, 1950, against the Fort Wayne Pistons.
1984: He also helped the Pittsburgh’s National Bank’s affirmative action program as an urban affairs officer until he died at the age of 57 on February 5, 1984, of liver cancer at Forbes Hospice.
wiki/Chuck_Cooper_(basketball)(1961) Robert Noyce receives a patent for the microchipMIT graduate and cofounder of Fairchild Semiconductor, Robert Noyce is granted a patent for the integrated circuit, or microchip, an essential computer building block. Noyce will later found Intel and be nicknamed “the Mayor of Silicon Valley.”Robert Norton Noyce, nicknamed “the Mayor of Silicon Valley,” co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968. He is also credited with the realization of the first integrated circuit or microchip that fueled the personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Valley its name.
Lived: Dec 12, 1927 – Jun 03, 1990 (age 62) Spouse: Ann Schmeltz Bowers (m. 1974 – 1990) · Elizabeth Noyce (m. 1953 – 1974) Founded: Intel · Semiconductor Industry Association Inventions: Integrated circuit Education: Grinnell College · Massachusetts Institute of Technology Awards: National Medal of Technology and Innovation (1987) · Charles Stark Draper Prize (1989) · IEEE Medal of Honor (1978) · John Fritz Medal (1989) · Faraday Medal (1979) · National Medal of Science for Engineering (1979)
Highlights
1945: He graduated from Grinnell High School in 1945 and entered Grinnell College in the fall of that year.
1959: In July 1959, he filed for U.S. Patent 2,981,877 “Semiconductor Device and Lead Structure”, a type of integrated circuit.
1968: Noyce and Gordon Moore founded Intel in 1968 when they left Fairchild Semiconductor.
1974: On November 27, 1974, Noyce married Ann Schmeltz Bowers.
1978: He was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1978 “for his contributions to the silicon integrated circuit, a cornerstone of modern electronics.”
1990: Noyce suffered a heart attack at age 62 at home on June 3, 1990, and later died at the Seton Medical Center in Austin, Texas.
(1794) Eli Whitney patents the cotton ginEli Whitney is granted a US patent for the cotton gin, a machine that vastly simplifies cotton harvesting. It will lead to huge profits for the cotton-rich South, but will also increase the demand for slaves to pick the expanded cotton crops.Eli Whitney was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of the Antebellum South. Whitney’s invention made upland short cotton into a profitable crop, which strengthened the economic foundation of slavery in the United States. Despite the social and economic impact of his invention, Whitney lost many profits in legal battles over patent infringement for the cotton gin. Thereafter, he turned his attention into securing contracts with the government in the manufacture of muskets for the newly formed United States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in 1825.
Lived: Dec 08, 1765 – Jan 08, 1825 (age 59) Romance: Henrietta Frances Whitney Inventions: Cotton gin · Interchangeable parts · Milling Education: Leicester Academy · Yale College (1789 – 1792) Children: Frances Edwards Whitney (Daughter) · Eli Whitney, III (Son) · Elizabeth Fay Whitney (Daughter) · Susan Edwards Whitney (Daughter) Parents: Eli Whitney, Sr. (Father) · Judith Whitney (Morse) (Mother) · Elizabeth Whitney (Fay) (Mother)
Highlights
1765: Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, on December 8, 1765, the eldest child of Eli Whitney Sr., a prosperous farmer, and his wife Elizabeth Fay, also of Westborough.
1777: Whitney’s mother, Elizabeth Fay, died in 1777, when he was 11.
1792: He prepared for Yale at Leicester Academy (now Becker College) and under the tutelage of Rev. Elizur Goodrich of Durham, Connecticut, he entered the class of 1789 and graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1792.
1798: The motives behind Whitney’s acceptance of a contract to manufacture muskets in 1798 were mostly monetary.
1825: (The machine that excited Roe may not have been built until 1825, after Whitney’s death.) Therefore, no one person can properly be described as the inventor of the milling machine.
1825: Whitney died of prostate cancer on January 8, 1825, in New Haven, Connecticut, just a month after his 59th birthday.
wiki/Eli_Whitney(1950) The FBI issues its debut 10 Most Wanted list With input from field offices across the US, the Federal Bureau of Investigation releases its rogues’ gallery of the nation’s most dangerous criminals. In the decades to follow, the list will contribute to the capture of hundreds of suspects.
The FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives is a most wanted list maintained by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The list arose from a conversation held in late 1949 between J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the FBI, and William Kinsey Hutchinson, International News Service (the predecessor of the United Press International) editor-in-chief, who were discussing ways to promote capture of the FBI’s “toughest guys”. This discussion turned into a published article, which received so much positive publicity that on March 14, 1950, the FBI officially announced the list to increase law enforcement’s ability to capture dangerous fugitives.
Individuals are generally only removed from the list if the fugitive is captured, dies, or if the charges against them are dropped; they are then replaced by a new entry selected by the FBI. In nine cases, the FBI removed individuals from the list after deciding that they were no longer a “particularly dangerous menace to society”. Machetero member Víctor Manuel Gerena, added to the list in 1984, was on the list for 32 years, which was longer than anyone else. Billie Austin Bryant spent the shortest amount of time on the list, being listed for two hours in 1969. The oldest person to be added to the list was William Bradford Bishop on April 10, 2014 at 77 years old. On rare occasions, the FBI will add a “Number Eleven” if that individual is extremely dangerous but the Bureau does not feel any of the current ten should be removed. Despite occasional references in the media, the FBI does not rank their list; no suspect is considered “#1 on the FBI’s Most Wanted List” or “The Most Wanted.”
The list is commonly posted in public places such as post offices. In some cases, fugitives on the list have turned themselves in on becoming aware of their listing. As of December 4, 2014, 504 fugitives have been listed, eight of them women, and 473 (94%) captured or located, 155 (31%) of them due to public assistance. On May 19, 1996, Leslie Isben Rogge became the first person on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list to be apprehended due to the internet. The FBI maintains other lists of individuals, including the Most Wanted Terrorists, along with crime alerts, missing persons, and other fugitive lists.
On June 17, 2013, the list reached the quantity of 500 fugitives.
Website: www.fbi.gov/wanted/topten
wiki/FBI_Ten_Most_Wanted_Fugitives(1964) Jack Ruby found guilty of murdering Lee Harvey OswaldA Dallas, Texas, jury convicts nightclub owner Jack Ruby of shooting and killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the suspected assassin of President John F. Kennedy. The verdict is the first to be televised in the US.Jack Leon Ruby was an American nightclub owner and murderer from Chicago, Illinois, who lived in Dallas, Texas. On November 24, 1963, he fatally shot Lee Harvey Oswald while the latter was in police custody after being charged with assassinating U.S. President John F. Kennedy two days earlier. A Dallas jury found him guilty of murdering Oswald and Ruby was consequently sentenced to death. Later, Ruby appealed his conviction, had it overturned and was granted a new trial. However, on January 3, 1967, as the date for his new trial was being set, Ruby became ill in his prison cell and died of a pulmonary embolism from lung cancer.
Born: Mar 25, 1911 · Chicago, IL Died: Jan 03, 1967 · Dallas, TX Buried: Westlawn Cemetery Related movies: JFK Siblings: Marion Rubenstein (Sister) · Earl Rubenstein (Brother) · Eileen Rubenstein (Sister) · Sam Rubenstein (Brother) · Hyman Rubenstein (Brother) · Ann Rubenstein (Sister) · Eva Rubenstein (Sister) Parents: Joseph Rubenstein (Father) · Fannie Turek Rutkowski (Mother)
Highlights
1946: In 1946, Tony Accardo allegedly asked Jack Ruby to go to Texas with Mafia associates Pat Manno and Romie Nappi to make sure that Dallas County Sheriff Steve Gutherie would acquiesce to the Mafia’s expansion into Dallas.
1963: On November 24, 1963, he fatally shot Lee Harvey Oswald while the latter was in police custody after being charged with assassinating U.S. President John F. Kennedy two days earlier.
1963: Joe Campisi and his wife visited with Jack Ruby in jail for ten minutes on November 30, 1963.
1964: On March 14, 1964, Ruby was convicted of murder with malice, for which he received a death sentence.
1966: Eventually, the appellate court agreed with Ruby’s lawyers for a new trial, and on October 5, 1966, ruled that his motion for a change of venue before the original trial court should have been granted.
1967: Ruby died of a pulmonary embolism, secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma (lung cancer), on January 3, 1967, at Parkland Hospital, the same facility where Oswald had died and where President Kennedy had been pronounced dead after his assassination.
wiki/Jack_Ruby(1991) Birmingham Six freed after 16 years in prisonCoerced confessions, police brutality, and muddled forensics are finally revealed as six Irish men see their sentences overturned after being convicted for a 1974 IRA bombing in Birmingham, England.The Birmingham Six were six men—Hugh Callaghan, Patrick Joseph Hill, Gerard Hunter, Richard McIlkenny, William Power and John Walker—sentenced to life imprisonment in 1975 in England for the Birmingham pub bombings. Their convictions were declared unjust and unsatisfactory and quashed by the Court of Appeal on 14 March 1991. The six men were later awarded compensation ranging from £840,000 to £1.2 million. wiki/Birmingham_Six3.3.f17
(1565) Rio de Janeiro is foundedSixty-five years after the Portuguese first explored the area, a city is founded on Guanabara Bay in the southeast Captaincy Colonies of Brazil. It will go on to be one of the most populated cities in the Americas.Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas. The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, the second-most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and sixth-most populous in the Americas. Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s third-most populous state. Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named “Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea”, by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape.
Website: www.rio.rj.gov.br Population: 6.45 million (2015) Travel tip: Whether your curiosity is piqued by the International Olympic Committee’s selection for the 2016 Games, or you’re heeding the call of the famous twin beaches Copacabana … @tripadvisor Area: 471.43 sq miles (1,221 km²) Host of: 2016 Summer Olympics Nearby airports: Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport · Santos Dumont Airport Mayor: Marcelo Crivella
wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro(1692) First suspects accused in Salem witch huntMagistrates in the colonial Massachusetts village of Salem charge Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba with witchcraft. Before the hysteria ends, more than 150 will be accused and 19 executed.The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693. The trials resulted in the executions of twenty people, fourteen of them women, and all but one by hanging. Five others died in prison.
Date: Feb 1692
wiki/Salem_witch_trials(1950) Atomic spy Klaus Fuchs convicted in BritainOne of Britain’s top nuclear scientists is found guilty of spying for the Soviet Union, including passing them atomic bomb secrets from his time with the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos, New Mexico.Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who, in 1950, was convicted of supplying information from the American, British, and Canadian Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union during and shortly after the Second World War. While at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Fuchs was responsible for many significant theoretical calculations relating to the first nuclear weapons, and later, early models of the hydrogen bomb.
Lived: Dec 29, 1911 – Jan 28, 1988 (age 76) Spouse: Grete Keilson (m. 1959 – 1988) Academic advisor: Nevill Francis Mott Education: University of Bristol · Columbia University · University of Edinburgh · Leipzig University Parents: Emil Fuchs (Father) Parties: Communist Party of Germany · Social Democratic Party of Germany · Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Highlights
1944: He was contacted by Harry Gold (codename: “Raymond”), an NKGB agent in early 1944.
1944: In August 1944 Fuchs joined the Theoretical Physics Division at the Los Alamos Laboratory, working under Hans Bethe.
1949: Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response (CIA publication), contains letter from agents in 1949 about Klaus Fuchs.
1950: In January 1950, Fuchs arranged another interview with Skardon and voluntarily confessed that he was a spy.
1959: In 1959, Fuchs married a friend from his years as a student communist, Grete (Margarete) Keilson.
1988: He died in Berlin on 28 January 1988.
wiki/Klaus_Fuchs(1961) President Kennedy establishes Peace CorpsUS President John F. Kennedy sends out a call to young Americans to travel to foreign lands, especially poor and developing nations, to offer humanitarian assistance. By the early 21st century, more than 200,000 will have volunteered for the Peace Corps and served in 140 countries.The Peace Corps is a volunteer program run by the United States government. The stated mission of the Peace Corps includes providing technical assistance, helping people outside the United States to understand American culture, and helping Americans to understand the cultures of other countries. The work is generally related to social and economic development. Each program participant, a Peace Corps Volunteer, is an American citizen, typically with a college degree, who works abroad for a period of two years after three months of training.
Website: www.peacecorps.gov Customer service: +1 8558551961 Founded: Mar 01, 1961 Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States Founders: John F. Kennedy · Sargent Shriver · Eunice Kennedy Shriver · Harris Wofford · Mark Shriver
(1876) Native tribes battle Custer’s 7th Cavalry in Montana 
(1947) Anne Frank’s ‘The Diary of a Young Girl’ is released
(1950) North invades south and the Korean War begins
(1984) ‘Purple Rain’ album hits stores
