(1099) The First Crusade’s push to capture Jerusalem beginsWestern European Christian forces arrive at Muslim-ruled Jerusalem and begin to lay siege to a city that both they and Muslims deem sacred. This climactic battle of the First Crusade will defeat the Fatimid Caliphate and see the return of Christian rule to Jerusalem after some 400 years.The Siege of Jerusalem took place from June 7 to July 15, 1099, during the First Crusade. The climax of the First Crusade, the successful siege saw the Crusaders seize Jerusalem from the Fatimid Caliphate and laid the foundations for the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Start date: Jun 07, 1099 End date: Jul 15, 1099
wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1099)(1938) Act of environmental warfare kills at least half a million The Chinese government, hoping to halt a rapid Japanese army advance during the Second Sino-Japanese War, destroys dikes on the Yellow River near Zhengzhou. The resulting catastrophic flood two days later will temporarily stop the Japanese, but also kill 500,000 Chinese and leave 3 million homeless.The 1938 Yellow River flood was a flood created by the Nationalist Government in central China during the early stage of the Second Sino-Japanese War in an attempt to halt the rapid advance of Japanese forces. It has been called the “largest act of environmental warfare in history.”
Start date: Jun 09, 1938 End date: 1938
wiki/1938_Yellow_River_flood(1942) Major defeat in the Pacific for the Japanese navy A ferocious three-day battle a thousand miles west of Hawaii ends in a rout of the Japanese navy by an underestimated American defense. Pearl Harbor is partly avenged on its six-month anniversary, and the Battle of Midway turns the tide towards Allied victory in the Pacific.The Battle of Midway was a decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II. Between 4 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo near Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable. Military historian John Keegan called it “the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare.”
Start date: Jun 04, 1942 End date: Jun 07, 1942
wiki/Battle_of_Midway(1986) Kansas City Royals draft Bo JacksonThe Royals draft Jackson, who had played college baseball and football at Auburn University, but decided to play professional baseball after a dispute with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Jackson will go on to star in both sports, playing eight MLB seasons and four for the Los Angeles Raiders.Vincent Edward “Bo” Jackson is a former baseball and American football player. He is one of the few athletes to be named an All-Star in two major sports, and the only one to do so in both baseball and football. He is widely considered one of the greatest athletes of all time. While at Auburn University, Jackson won the 1985 Heisman Trophy, annually awarded to the outstanding collegiate football player in the United States.
Born: Nov 30, 1962 (age 54) · Bessemer, AL Height: 6′ 1″ (1.85 m) Net worth: $16 million USD (2017) Spouse: Linda Jackson (m. 1987) Education: McAdory High School · Auburn University (1982 – 1985) Children: Nicholas Jackson (Son) · Garrett Jackson (Son) · Morgan Jackson (Daughter)
Highlights
1982: In 1982, Jackson’s freshman year, Auburn played Boston College in the Tangerine Bowl, where Jackson made a one-handed grab on an option pitch.
1985: For his performance in 1985, Jackson was awarded the Heisman Trophy in what was considered the closest margin of victory ever in the history of the award, winning over University of Iowa quarterback Chuck Long.
1987: Bo Jackson married Linda Jackson on September 05, 1987.
1989: Called “the greatest athlete in video game history”, Jackson’s digital counterpart was nicknamed by fans as “Tecmo Bo” since being featured in the 1989 video game Tecmo Bowl for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
1995: In 1995, Jackson completed his Bachelor of Science degree in Family and Child Development at Auburn to fulfill the promise he made to his mother.
2009: On May 9, 2009, Jackson delivered the commencement speech at Auburn University’s graduation ceremony.
(1846) US declares war on its neighborThe US annexation of Texas the previous year lit the tinder between neighboring nations, and now the conflict explodes into the Mexican-American War as the US Congress votes in favor of President Polk’s request for military action. The two-year conflict will end in Mexico’s defeat and the loss of about half its national territory.The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War, the U.S.–Mexican War, the U.S.–Mexico War or the Invasion of Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas, which Mexico considered part of its territory in spite of its de facto secession in the 1836 Texas Revolution.
Start date: Apr 25, 1846 End date: Feb 03, 1848
wiki/Mexican–American_War(1981) Pope John Paul II shot in assassination attemptFour bullets hit Pope John Paul II as he enters Rome’s St. Peter’s Square in Vatican City. While the Pope is rushed to the hospital, police capture Mehmet Ali Ağca, of Turkey. The Pope will later forgive his would-be assassin, asking for his crime to be pardoned, and meeting with him in prison.The first attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II took place on Wednesday, 13 May 1981, in St. Peter’s Square at Vatican City. The Pope was shot and wounded by Mehmet Ali Ağca while he was entering the square. The Pope was struck four times, and suffered severe blood loss. Ağca was apprehended immediately, and later sentenced to life in prison by an Italian court. The Pope later forgave Ağca for the assassination attempt. He was pardoned by Italian president Carlo Azeglio Ciampi at the Pope’s request and was deported to Turkey in June 2000.
Date: May 13, 1981
wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_assassination_attempt(1995) Everest summited by unassisted female climberAccomplished mountaineer, and 33-year-old mother of two, Alison Hargreaves makes history as the first woman to conquer Mt. Everest without the help of Sherpa guides or bottled oxygen. Sadly, she will perish after summiting another Himalayan giant, K2, exactly three months later.Alison Jane Hargreaves was a British mountain climber. Her accomplishments included scaling Mount Everest alone, without supplementary oxygen or support from a Sherpa team, in 1995. She soloed all the great north faces of the Alps in a single season—a first for any climber. This feat included climbing the difficult north face of the Eiger in the Alps, in 1988. Hargreaves also climbed 6,812-metre Ama Dablam in Nepal.
Born: Feb 17, 1962 · Derbyshire, England Died: Aug 13, 1995 · K2, Pakistan
wiki/Alison_Hargreaves(1938) Armstrong records ‘When the Saints Go Marching In’Jazz trumpeter and singer Louis Armstrong records the traditional gospel hymn in a Dixieland-jazz style. Though it isn’t the first jazz version of the song, Armstrong’s recording will turn it into a jazz standard that will be covered by hundreds of artists and find a place in pop culture and sports.“When the Saints Go Marching In”, often referred to as “The Saints”, is an American gospel hymn. Though it originated as a Christian hymn, it is often played by jazz bands. This song was famously recorded on May 13, 1938 by Louis Armstrong and his Orchestra. The song is sometimes confused with a similarly titled composition “When the Saints are Marching In” from 1896 by Katharine Purvis and James Milton Black.
Album: Hello Louis – The Hit Years (1963-1969) Artists: Louis Armstrong · Fats Domino · Louis Armstrong And His Orchestra · Louis Armstrong & His All-Stars Release year: 1939 Duration: 2:45 Genre: Jazz, Contemporary Jazz
(1930) Gandhi begins 240-mile ‘Salt March’ With 80 of his followers, Mahatma Gandhi, leader of a nonviolent civil disobedience movement in India, begins a march to the coast to gather sea salt in defiance of British colonial rule. The action will prove a turning point in the Indian independence movement and influence civil rights activists around the world.The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India initiated by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea-salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 24-day march began from 12 March 1930 and continued till 5 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly, and it gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement.
Start date: Mar 12, 1930 End date: Apr 06, 1930
wiki/Salt_March(1933) FDR gives his first ‘fireside chat’ to American publicAfter being elected in the midst of the Great Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt makes the first in what will be a series of radio broadcast to inform, warn, and encourage his fellow citizens.
Fireside chats is the term used to describe a series of 30 evening radio conversations (chats) given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944. Roosevelt spoke with familiarity to millions of Americans about the promulgation of the Emergency Banking Act in response to the banking crisis, the recession, New Deal initiatives, and the course of World War II. On radio, he was able to quell rumors and explain his policies. His tone and demeanor communicated self-assurance during times of despair and uncertainty. Roosevelt was a great communicator on radio, and the fireside chats kept him in high public regard throughout his presidency.
The series of fireside chats was among the first 50 recordings made part of the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress, which noted it as “an influential series of radio broadcasts in which Roosevelt utilized the media to present his programs and ideas directly to the public and thereby redefined the relationship between President Roosevelt and the American people in 1933.”
wiki/Fireside_chats(1938) Hitler absorbs his homeland, Austria, into GermanyThe nation of Austria is no more, as the Third Reich annexes it into Germany and Wehrmacht troops dismantle border crossings. The invasion and forced incorporation violates the Treaty of Versailles, but most criticism will be mild.Anschluss is the term used to describe the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in March 1938. German spelling, until the German orthography reform of 1996, was Anschluß and it was also known as the Anschluss Österreichs.
Date: Mar 12, 1938
wiki/Anschluss(1994) Church of England ordains their first women priestsFor the first time in its 460-year existence, the Church of England allows females to enter into the priesthood, ordaining 32 women in Bristol Cathedral in Bristol, England. Six years later the church will pass another milestone, as more women than men will be ordained as priests.The Church of England is the Anglican Christian state church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor. The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. Its formal establishment as a national church is dated to the 6th-century Gregorian mission in Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury, with considerable features introduced and established during and following the English Reformation in the 16th century.
(1887) Teacher Anne Sullivan meets student Helen KellerAnne Sullivan arrives in Alabama hoping to break through to a young girl who’d lost the ability to see, hear, or speak in infancy. Her pupil, Helen Keller, will respond and flourish beyond all expectations.Johanna Mansfield Sullivan Macy, better known as Anne Sullivan, was an American teacher, best known for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller. At the age of five, she contracted trachoma, a highly contagious eye disease, which left her blind and without reading or writing skills. She received her education as a student of the Perkins School for the Blind where upon graduation she became a teacher to Keller when she was 20.
Lived: Apr 14, 1866 – Oct 20, 1936 (age 70) Spouse: John Albert Macy (m. 1905 – 1932) Education: Perkins School for the Blind Movies: Deliverance Parents: Alice Cloesy Sullivan (Father) · Thomas Sullivan (Father) Siblings: Mary Sullivan (Sister) · Ellen Sullivan (Sister) · James Sullivan (Brother)
Highlights
1866: Sullivan was born on April 14, 1866, in Feeding Hills, Agawam, Massachusetts.
1880: During an 1880 inspection of the almshouse, she convinced inspector Franklin Benjamin Sanborn to allow her to leave and enroll in the Perkins School for the Blind in Boston, where she began her studies on October 7, 1880.
1887: Anagnos immediately recommended Sullivan for this position and she began her work on March 3, 1887 at the Kellers’ home in Tuscumbia, Alabama.
1905: On May 3, 1905, Sullivan married Harvard University instructor and literary critic, John Albert Macy (1877–1932), who had helped Keller with her publications.
1935: Sullivan had been seriously visually impaired for almost all of her life, but by 1935 she was completely blind in both eyes.
1936: On October 15, 1936, she suffered a coronary thrombosis, fell into a coma, and died five days later on October 20 at age 70, in Forest Hills, Queens, New York.
wiki/Anne_Sullivan(1913) First women’s suffrage march in WashingtonPennsylvania Avenue sees up to 8,000 women’s suffrage supporters seeking to redress gender inequality, including gaining the right to vote. The march will become a milestone in the history of women’s rights in the United States.The woman suffrage parade of 1913, officially the Woman Suffrage Procession, was the first suffragist parade in Washington, D.C. Organized by the suffragist Alice Paul for the National American Woman Suffrage Association, thousands of suffragists marched down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. on March 3, 1913. The event was scheduled on the day before President Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration to “march in a spirit of protest against the present political organization of society, from which women are excluded”, as the official program stated.
The woman suffrage parade of 1913, officially the Woman Suffrage Procession, was the first suffragist parade in Washington, D.C. Organized by the suffragist Alice Paul for the National American Woman Suffrage Association, thousands of suffragists marched down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. on March 3, 1913. The event was scheduled on the day before President Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration to “march in a spirit of protest against the present political organization of society, from which women are excluded”, as the official program stated.
The march and the attention it attracted were monumental in advancing women’s suffrage in the United States. The parade is scheduled to be depicted and honored on the redesign of the United States ten-dollar bill in 2020.
wiki/Woman_suffrage_parade_of_1913(1938) First major oil well struck in Saudi ArabiaFollowing many unsuccessful tries, drillers on the Dammam No. 7 oil well in al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia finally strike oil. The vast desert kingdom will turn out to be the richest known source of crude oil anywhere.Saudi Arabian oil was first discovered by the Americans in commercial quantities at Dammam oil well No. 7 in 1938 in what is now modern day Dhahran. On January 15, 1902, Ibn Saud took Riyadh from the Rashid tribe. In 1913, his forces captured the province of al-Hasa from the Ottoman Turks. In 1922, he completed his conquest of the Nejd, and in 1925, he conquered the Hijaz. In 1932, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was proclaimed with Ibn Saud as king. Without stability in the region, the search for oil would have been difficult, as evidenced by early oil exploration in neighbouring countries such as Yemen and Oman.
Saudi Arabian oil was first discovered by the Americans in commercial quantities at Dammam oil well No. 7 in 1938 in what is now modern day Dhahran.
wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia(1991) Rodney King beaten by L.A. policeAt 12:30 AM, police begin high-speed pursuit of a vehicle on Los Angeles’ Foothill Freeway. After the car is pulled over, what happens next to King will be caught on amateur video and enflame a city and a nation.Rodney Glen King III was an African American taxi driver who became internationally known after being beaten by Los Angeles Police Department officers following a high-speed car chase on March 3, 1991. A witness, George Holliday, videotaped much of the beating from his balcony, and sent the footage to local news station KTLA. The footage shows four officers surrounding King, several of them striking him repeatedly, while other officers stood by. Parts of the footage were aired around the world, and raised public concern about police treatment of minorities in the United States.
Born: Apr 02, 1965 · Sacramento, CA Died: Jun 17, 2012 · Rialto, CA Height: 6′ 3″ (1.91 m) Spouse: Crystal Waters (m. 1989 – 1996) · Danetta King (m. 1985 – 1988) Partner: Cynthia Kelley (2010 – 2012) Parents: Odessa King (Mother) · Ronald King (Father)
(1789) George Washington elected first US presidentIn a unanimous vote, the US Electoral College elects General George Washington to the presidency. He will again be elected unanimously to a second term in 1792, with John Adams serving as vice president both times.George Washington was an American politician and soldier who served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and later presided over the 1787 convention that drafted the United States Constitution. He is popularly considered the driving force behind the nation’s establishment and came to be known as the “father of the country,” both during his lifetime and to this day.
Lived: Feb 22, 1732 – Dec 14, 1799 (age 67) Height: 6′ 2″ (1.88 m) Spouse: Martha Washington (m. 1759 – 1799) Children: Martha Parke Custis · Daniel Parke Custis, Jr. · Frances Parke Custis · Nellie Davis Vice President: John Adams Parents: Augustine Washington (Father) · Mary Ball Washington (Mother)
Highlights
1759: On January 6, 1759, Washington married wealthy widow Martha Dandridge Custis, then 28 years old.
1775: Washington assumed command of the Continental Army in the field at Cambridge, Massachusetts in July 1775 during the ongoing siege of Boston.
1784: Prior to these, he had a set made with real human teeth, likely ones that he purchased from “several unnamed ‘Negroes,’ presumably Mount Vernon slaves” in 1784.
1789: Washington was inaugurated on April 30, 1789, taking the first presidential oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City.
1797: Washington retired from the presidency in March 1797 and returned to Mount Vernon with a profound sense of relief.
1799: Washington died at home around 10 p.m. on Saturday, December 14, 1799, aged 67.
wiki/George_Washington(1938) Disney’s ‘Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs’ opensWalt Disney’s first full-length animated feature is released and will defy naysayers, winning both critical praise and boffo box office returns, eventually earning more money than any previous film in history.The first, and by far most memorable full-length animated feature from the Disney Studios, “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” may have been superseded technically by many of the films that followed it. But its simple story of a charming little princess saved from the evil deeds of her wicked stepmother, the queen, by a group of seven adorable dwarfs made history when it was first released in December, 1937 and has since become an incomparable screen classic.
Release date: Feb 04, 1938 (United States) Directors: David Hand · Wilfred Jackson · Ben Sharpsteen · Larry Morey · William Cottrell · Perce Pearce Gross revenue: $418.20 million USD Awards: Academy Honorary Award · Saturn Award for Best Classic Film DVD Release · DVD Exclusive Award for Best Overall New Extra Features, Library Title · New York Film Critics Circle Special Award Screenwriters: Ted Sears · Earl Hurd · Merrill De Maris · Webb Smith · Richard Creedon · Otto Englander · Dorothy Ann Blank · Dick Rickard Featured songs: Heigh-Ho · Someday My Prince Will Come · The Silly Song
wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)(1945) ‘The Big Three’ meet for Yalta ConferenceLeaders of WWII’s Allied forces, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Franklin Roosevelt, convene in Yalta, a Crimean resort town, to discuss postwar plans for dividing up a war-ravaged Europe. Many will come to believe the meeting lays the foundation of the Cold War.The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held from February 4 to 11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin, respectively, for the purpose of discussing Europe’s post-war reorganization. The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea, USSR.
Start date: Feb 04, 1945 End date: Feb 11, 1945
wiki/Yalta_Conference(1974) Heiress Patty Hearst kidnappedAn obscure radical group, The Symbionese Liberation Army, kidnaps the 19-year-old daughter of Randolph Hearst, heiress to her family’s newspaper fortune. Brainwashed into supporting her captors’ cause, Hearst will later be seen robbing a bank with them before being found 19 months later.Patricia Campbell Hearst, now known as Patricia Hearst Shaw, is the granddaughter of American publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst. She became nationally known for events following her 1974 kidnapping while she was a 19-year-old student living in Berkeley, California. Hearst was abducted by a left-wing terrorist group known as the Symbionese Liberation Army. After being isolated and threatened with death, she became supportive of their cause, making propaganda announcements for them and taking part in illegal activities.
Born: Feb 20, 1954 (age 62) · San Francisco, CA Height: 5′ 3″ (1.60 m) Net worth: $45 million USD (2016) Spouse: Bernard Shaw (m. 1979 – 2013) Children: Lydia Hearst (Daughter) · Gillian Hearst-Shaw (Daughter) Parents: Randolph Apperson Hearst (Father) · Catherine Wood Campbell (Mother)
(1099) The First Crusade’s push to capture Jerusalem begins
(1938) Act of environmental warfare kills at least half a million 
(1942) Major defeat in the Pacific for the Japanese navy 
(1986) Kansas City Royals draft Bo Jackson
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