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Major Mike

Knowledge is Power - Share the Power

1890

Today in History 12/29 (Second Great Fire of London)

December 29, 2018 by GµårÐïåñ
St Paul's Cathedral is seen through smoke from fires during the bombing of London by Germany on December 29, 1940 (© ullstein bild via Getty Images)(1940) The Blitz delivers the Second Great Fire of London
Germany firebombs London with more than 24,000 high explosive bombs and 100,000 incendiary bombs in one of its most aggressive attacks on the city, setting London afire. Firefighters work amid the dropping bombs and are able to save some of the city’s landmarks, such as St. Paul’s Cathedral, from total destruction.
The “Second Great Fire of London” refers to one of the most destructive air raids of the Blitz. An American correspondent in a cable to his office said, “The second Great Fire of London has begun”. The Luftwaffe raid caused fires over a greater area than the Great Fire of London in 1666.
Date: Dec 29, 1940
Location: London, England
Target: City of London
Attack type: Air raid
Deaths: 160
Non-fatal injuries: 250

Operations: A German Luftwaffe Heinkel He 111 bomber flying over Wapping and the Isle of Dogs in the East End of London at at the start of the Luftwaffe's evening raids of 7 September 1940
Operations: A German Luftwaffe Heinkel He 111 bomber flying over Wapping and the Isle of Dogs in the East End of London at at the start of the Luftwaffe’s evening raids of 7 September 1940. Copy negative of part of an aerial photograph taken from a German aircraft at 1848 hrs German time.
wiki/Second_Great_Fire_of_London
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(1940) The Blitz delivers the Second Great Fire of London.
Also on this day,

1170 | Archbishop Thomas Becket is murdered after king’s comment
When four knights hear King Henry II utter something like, “Who will rid me of this troublesome priest?,” they take it as a request to kill Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. The knights confront and kill Becket at Canterbury Cathedral, shocking Christians, who canonize Becket just three years later.
1890 | US troops massacre Indians at Wounded Knee
When a detachment of the US 7th Cavalry tries to disarm a band of Lakota Sioux, led by peace-seeking Spotted Elk, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota, a gun goes off in a scuffle and the cavalry opens fire. More than 200 Lakota men, women, and children will be killed.
1998 | Khmer Rouge leaders apologize for Cambodia genocide
At a news conference, a Khmer Rouge leader whispers he is “sorry, very sorry” for the group’s murderous campaign to cleanse Cambodia of undesirables, including intellectuals and capitalists. The Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, ruled Cambodia from 1975-’79 and sought to create an agrarian society.

Today in History 12/29/17

Sign from 1940 at the site of the Wounded Knee Massacre in South Dakota (© John Vachon/Library of Congress/Getty Images)(1890) US troops massacre Indians at Wounded Knee
When a detachment of the US 7th Cavalry tries to disarm a band of Lakota Sioux, led by peace-seeking Spotted Elk, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota, a gun goes off in a scuffle and the cavalry opens fire. More than 200 Lakota men, women, and children will be killed.
The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Start date: Dec 28, 1890
End date: Dec 29, 1890

Wounded knee 1891
Burial of the dead after the massacre of Wounded Knee. U.S. Soldiers putting Indians in common grave; some corpses are frozen in different positions. South Dakota.

wiki/Wounded_Knee_Massacre
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Posted in: History Tagged: 1170, 1890, 1940, 1998, Archbishop of Canterbury, Cambodia, genocide, Germany, history, Khmer Rouge, King Henry II, Lakota Sioux, Second Greet Fire of London, South Dakota, Spotted Elk, Thomas Becket, US 7th Cavalry, Wounded Knee Massacre

Today in History 12/15 (Sitting Bull)

December 15, 2018 by GµårÐïåñ
Portrait of Sitting Bull (© O.S. Goff/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)(1890) Sioux Chief Sitting Bull is killed by police
Indian agency police shoot the powerful holy man in the head and chest during a scuffle at his reservation cabin as they attempted to arrest him. Local authorities thought Sitting Bull was behind the growing Ghost Dance movement, which they feared would spark an Indian uprising.
Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies. He was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him, at a time when authorities feared that he would join the Ghost Dance movement.
Lived: 1831 – Dec 15, 1890
Height: 5′ 9″
Spouse: Snow-on-Her · Seen-by-her-Nation · Light Hair · Four Robes
Children: Crow Foot (Son) · Many Horses (Daughter)
Parents: Jumping Bull (Father) · Her-Holy-Door (Mother)
Siblings: Spotted Elk (Brother)
Highlights
  • 1874: Although Sitting Bull did not attack Custer’s expedition in 1874, the US government was increasingly pressured by citizens to open the Black Hills to mining and settlement.

  • 1875: In 1875, the Northern Cheyenne, Hunkpapa, Oglala, Sans Arc, and Minneconjou camped together for a Sun Dance, with both the Cheyenne medicine man White Bull or Ice and Sitting Bull in association.

  • 1876: About three weeks later, the confederated Lakota tribes with the Northern Cheyenne defeated the 7th Cavalry under Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer on June 25, 1876, annihilating Custer’s battalion and seeming to bear out Sitting Bull’s prophetic vision.

  • 1881: On August 26, 1881, he was visited by census taker William T. Selwyn, who counted twelve people in the Hunkpapa leader’s immediate family.

  • 1884: In 1884 show promoter Alvaren Allen asked Agent James McLaughlin to allow Sitting Bull to tour parts of Canada and the northern United States.

  • 1885: In 1885, Sitting Bull was allowed to leave the reservation to go Wild Westing with Buffalo Bill Cody’s Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.

Sitting Bull (Tatonka-I-Yatanka), a Hunkpapa Sioux, 1885
Sitting Bull, 1885
wiki/Sitting_Bull
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(1890) Sioux Chief Sitting Bull is killed by police.
Also on this day,

1791 | The Bill of Rights is ratified and becomes law
When Virginia ratifies the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, the Bill of Rights passes the threshold of state ratifications needed to make the amendments law, and the young nation now has codified the freedom of speech, press, and religion, among other bedrock rights of the American system.
1961 | Nazi SS officer Adolf Eichmann sentenced to die
As one of the main organizers of WWII’s Nazi Holocaust, which killed 6 million Jews as well as many others, the former SS officer is to be hanged for war crimes. After the war, Eichmann escaped a prison camp and fled to Argentina, a safe harbor for ex-Nazis. But on May 11, 1960, Mossad agents abducted him and smuggled him to Israel for trial.
1979 | Trivial Pursuit invented as two Canadian friends devise board game
When photo editor Chris Haney and reporter Scott Abbott sit down for a night of Scrabble, they find some tiles missing and so instead sketch out an idea for a game based on inconsequential facts, trivia. When Trivial Pursuit rolls out commercially, it will become one of the most successful board games ever.

Today in History 12/15/17

Painting of the signing of the US Constitution (© MPI/Getty Images)(1791) The Bill of Rights is ratified and becomes law
When Virginia ratifies the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, the Bill of Rights passes the threshold of state ratifications needed to make the amendments law, and the young nation now has codified the freedom of speech, press, and religion, among other bedrock rights of the American system.

The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787–88 battle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those found in several earlier documents, including the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the English Bill of Rights 1689, along with earlier documents such as Magna Carta (1215). In practice, the amendments had little impact on judgements by the courts for the first 150 years after ratification.

On June 8, 1789, Representative James Madison introduced nine amendments to the constitution in the House of Representatives. Among his recommendations Madison proposed opening up the Constitution and inserting specific rights limiting the power of Congress in Article One, Section 9. Seven of these limitations would become part of the ten ratified Bill of Rights amendments. Ultimately, on September 25, 1789, Congress approved twelve articles of amendment to the Constitution, each consisting of one one-sentence paragraph, and submitted them to the states for ratification. Contrary to Madison's original proposal that the articles be incorporated into the main body of the Constitution, they were proposed as supplemental additions (codicils) to it. Articles Three through Twelve were ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, and became Amendments One through Ten of the Constitution. Article Two became part of the Constitution on May 5, 1992, as the Twenty-seventh Amendment. Article One is technically still pending before the states.

Although Madison's proposed amendments included a provision to extend the protection of some of the Bill of Rights to the states, the amendments that were finally submitted for ratification applied only to the federal government. The door for their application upon state governments was opened in the 1860s, following ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. Since the early 20th century both federal and state courts have used the Fourteenth Amendment to apply portions of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments. The process is known as incorporation.

There are several original engrossed copies of the Bill of Rights still in existence. One of these is on permanent public display at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.


Bill of Rights Pg 1 of 1
The Bill of Rights, twelve articles of amendment to the to the United States Constitution proposed in 1789, ten of which, Articles three through twelve, became part of the United States Constitution in 1791. Note that the First Amendment is actually "Article the third" on the document, Second Amendment is "Article the fourth", and so on. "Article the second" is now the 27th Amendment. "Article the first" has not been ratified.

wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights
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Posted in: History Tagged: 1791, 1890, 1961, 1979, Adolf Eichmann, Bill of Rights, Chief Sitting Bull, Chris Haney, Ghost Dance, history, Nazi, Scott Abbott, Sioux, Trivial Pursuit, United States, US Constitution, World War II
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