1886

Today in History 10/28 (Royal Marines)

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Members of the Royal Marines drilling on parade grounds in 1927 (© Topical Press Agency/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)(1664) A legendary fighting force forms in Britain
Chartered by King Henry VIII, England’s Honourable Artillery adds a new company to its roster, The Duke of York and Albany’s Maritime Regiment of Foot. They’ll go on to be renamed the Royal Marines almost 100 years later, and emerge as one of the world’s great fighting units.
The Corps of Royal Marines is the amphibious light infantry and one of the five fighting arms or branches of the Royal Navy. The Royal Marines were formed in 1755 as the Royal Navy’s infantry troops. However, the marines can trace their origins back to the formation of the English Army’s “Duke of York and Albany’s maritime regiment of Foot” at the grounds of the Honourable Artillery Company on 28 October 1664.
Founded: Oct 28, 1664
Parent organization: Her Majesty’s Naval Service
Part of: Her Majesty’s Naval Service

Cap badge of the Royal Marines
Cap badge of the Royal Marines
wiki/Royal_Marines
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(1664) A legendary fighting force forms in Britain.
Also on this day,

312 CE | Milvian Bridge battle as Constantine takes on Maxentius after a heavenly vision
The River Tiber’s banks swarm with charging men, clashing metal, and rearing horses as hundreds of thousands fight for control of the Roman Empire in its capital. Some accounts claim Constantine saw a vision from the Christian god the night before, and his side emerges victorious.
1420 | Beijing is capital as construction finishes on China’s new capital city
Seventeen years of a massive building project completed, Beijing is now China’s capital city. Having restored the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Zhu Di desires a power center to match his ambitions, and he’ll get just that as Beijing’s imperial palace, the Forbidden City, opens this year as well.
1886 | Statue of Liberty opened as Lady Liberty lifts a lamp over New York Harbor
‘Liberty Enlightening the World,’ 151-feet of copper neoclassical sculpture, is accepted as a gift from France and dedicated by US President Grover Cleveland after hundreds of thousands of revelers throw the world’s first ticker-tape parade in honor of the new lady of Liberty Island.

Today in History 10/28/17

The Statue of Liberty in New York City, 1930 (© AP)(1886) Lady Liberty lifts a lamp over New York Harbor
'Liberty Enlightening the World,' 151-feet of copper neoclassical sculpture, is accepted as a gift from France and dedicated by US President Grover Cleveland after hundreds of thousands of revelers throw the world's first ticker-tape parade in honor of the new lady of Liberty Island.
The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.
Website: www.nps.gov/stli/
Address: Liberty Island, New York, NY 10004
Phone: (212) 363-3200
Established: Oct 15, 1924
Annual visitors: 4.50 million (2016)
Height: 305 feet (93 m) (Architectural)
Statue of Liberty
Statue of Liberty.

wiki/Statue_of_Liberty
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Today in History 09/04 (Geronimo)

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Photograph of Geronimo by A. F. Randall, 1886 (© Apic/Getty Images)(1886) Geronimo lays down arms after 30 years of fighting
Apache leader Goyalkla, or as he’s known to non-Native Americans, Geronimo, formally surrenders after the US Army 4th Cavalry relentlessly pursues him and his band of warriors throughout southern Arizona. Geronimo will be the last Native American war chief to officially lay down arms.
Geronimo was a prominent leader and medicine man from the Bedonkohe band of the Apache tribe. From 1850 to 1886 Geronimo joined with members of three other Chiricahua Apache bands—the Tchihende, the Tsokanende and the Nednhi—to carry out numerous raids as well as resistance to US and Mexican military campaigns in the northern Mexico states of Chihuahua and Sonora, and in the southwestern American territories of New Mexico and Arizona. Geronimo’s raids and related combat actions were a part of the prolonged period of the Apache–United States conflict, which started with American settlement in Apache lands following the end of the war with Mexico in 1848.
Lived: Jun 16, 1829 – Feb 17, 1909 (age 79)
Nationality: American
Spouse: Ta-ayz-slath
Children: Eva Godeley (Daughter) · Chappo Geronimo (Son) · Lulu Dohn-Zay Geronimo (Daughter) · Fenton Geronimo (Son) · Little Robe Geronimo (Son)
Related movies: Geronimo: An American Legend
Parents: Tablishim “The Gray One” Goy… (Father) · Juana (Mother) · Tablishim “The Gray One” Goyaale
Highlights
  • 1851: On March 5, 1851, when Geronimo was in his 20’s, a force of Mexican militia from Sonora under Colonel Jose Maria Carrasco attacked and surprised an Apache camp outside of Janos, Chihuahua, slaughtering the inhabitants, including Geronimo’s family.

  • 1886: In 1886, General Miles selected Captain Henry Lawton to command B Troop, 4th Cavalry, at Fort Huachuca, and First Lieutenant Charles B. Gatewood, to lead the expedition that brought Geronimo and his followers back to the reservation system for a final time.

  • 1886: According to National Geographic, “the governor of Sonora claimed in 1886 that in the last five months of Geronimo’s wild career, his band of 16 warriors slaughtered some 500 to 600 Mexicans.”

  • 1894: After 1/4 of the population died of tuberculosis, the Chiricahuas, including Geronimo, were relocated to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, in 1894; they built villages scattered around the post based on kindred groups.

  • 1898: In 1898 Geronimo was part of a Chiricahua delegation from Fort Sill to the Trans-Mississippi International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska.

  • 1909: He died of pneumonia on February 17, 1909, as a prisoner of the United States at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.

Portrait of Geronimo (Guiyatle), Apache
Geronimo, Chiricahua Apache leader. Photograph by Frank A. Rinehart, 1898
wiki/Geronimo
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(1886) Geronimo lays down arms after 30 years of fighting.
Also on this day,

476 | Middle Ages begin as Rome’s child emperor is overthrown
Flavius Odoacer becomes the first king of Italy after leading a successful rebellion against Western Rome’s young emperor. The beginning of his reign will traditionally mark the end of the Ancient Roman epoch and the start of the Middle Ages.
1957 | ‘E Day’ arrives as the Edsel is rolled out for public view
After months of revved-up publicity, Ford Motor Company debuts a new car, but clever Madison Avenue ad campaigns won’t be able save the ill-fated auto. A combo of bad design choices and screwy mechanics dooms the Edsel to low sales, and the name itself will become a byword for overhyped failures.
1972 | Spitz rules the pool at Munich’s Olympic games
Swimming phenom Mark Spitz, 22, caps off 16 years of medal-winning competition with the biggest amateur athletics prize of all, Olympic gold. The famously mustachioed US swimmer takes a total of seven gold medals at the Munich Games, a record that will stand for 36 years.

Today in History 09/04/17

American swimmer champion Mark Spitz shows five of his seven Olympic gold medals, Aug 31, 1972 in Munich (© STAFF/AFP/Getty Images)(1972) Spitz rules the pool at Munich's Olympic games
Swimming phenom Mark Spitz, 22, caps off 16 years of medal-winning competition with the biggest amateur athletics prize of all, Olympic gold. The famously mustachioed US swimmer takes a total of seven gold medals at the Munich Games, a record that will stand for 36 years.
Mark Andrew Spitz is an American former competitive swimmer, nine-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in 7 events. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich West Germany, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps, who won eight golds at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Spitz set new world records in all seven events in which he competed in 1972. Spitz holds more medals than any other Jewish athlete in the history of the Olympics.
Born: Feb 10, 1950 (age 67) · Modesto, CA
Height: 6' 0" (1.83 m)
Spouse: Suzy Weiner (m. 1973)
Children: Justin Spitz (Son) · Matthew Spitz (Son)
Movies and TV shows: Freedom's Fury · Emergency! · Challenge of a Lifetime
Education: Santa Clara High School
Highlights
  • 1965: At age 15 in Tel Aviv, Spitz won four gold medals and was named the most outstanding athlete.

  • 1972: During the Munich Massacre by Palestinian terrorists in the 1972 Olympics, Israeli racewalker Shaul Ladany awakened and alerted American track coach Bill Bowerman, who called for the U.S. Marines to come and protect American Jewish Olympians swimmer Spitz and javelin thrower Bill Schmidt.

  • 1973: Mark Spitz married Suzy Weiner on May 06, 1973.

  • 1985: In 1985, Spitz lit a torch to open the Maccabiah Games.

  • 2005: In 2005, he was a member of the U.S. delegation at the 17th Maccabiah Games.

  • 2007: He won five gold medals at the 1967 Pan American Games, setting a record that lasted until 2007 when Brazilian swimmer, Thiago Pereira, won six golds at the XV Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro.

wiki/Mark_Spitz
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Today in History 05/01/18

Engraving of police officers dispersing the strike of streetcar employees in New York in 1886 (© Prisma/UIG/Getty Images)(1886) Workers strike and rally for rights in major US cities
Sixty-hour workweeks at poverty wages inspire marchers to mass in Chicago, New York, Milwaukee, and other American cities. Among their demands are an 8-hour workday and better labor conditions. The strikes and rallies will inspire International Worker’s Day.
The Haymarket affair was the aftermath at Haymarket Square in Chicago, of police killing workers at a labor demonstration near the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company plant on Monday, May 3, 1886. The next day, a peaceful rally began in support of workers striking for an eight-hour day and in reaction to the killing of several workers the previous day by the police. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at police as they acted to disperse the public meeting. The bomb blast and ensuing gunfire resulted in the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; scores of others were wounded.
Date: May 04, 1886

A bilingual English-German flier
The first flier calling for a rally in the Haymarket on May 4. and the revised flier for the rally later, the words “Workingmen Arm Yourselves and Appear in Full Force!” were removed from the revised flier.
wiki/Haymarket_affair
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(1886) Workers strike and rally for rights in major US cities.
Also on this day,
1776 | Illuminati begins
1851 | Great Exhibition starts
1931 | Empire State Building opens

Today in History 10/28/17

The Statue of Liberty in New York City, 1930 (© AP)(1886) Lady Liberty lifts a lamp over New York Harbor
‘Liberty Enlightening the World,’ 151-feet of copper neoclassical sculpture, is accepted as a gift from France and dedicated by US President Grover Cleveland after hundreds of thousands of revelers throw the world’s first ticker-tape parade in honor of the new lady of Liberty Island.
The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.
Website: www.nps.gov/stli/
Address: Liberty Island, New York, NY 10004
Phone: (212) 363-3200
Established: Oct 15, 1924
Annual visitors: 4.50 million (2016)
Height: 305 feet (93 m) (Architectural)
Statue of Liberty
Statue of Liberty.

wiki/Statue_of_Liberty
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Today in History 05/08/17

Rumor the German Shepherd at the Westminster Kennel Club 141st Annual Dog Show (© Eugene Gologursky/WireImage/Getty Images)(1877) First Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show held
A group of hunters who had formed the Westminster Kennel Club hold their first dog show at Gilmore’s Garden, later renamed Madison Square Garden. The show is an immediate success and will become the second-longest running continuously held sporting event in the U.S.
The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a prestigious all-breed conformation show that has been held in New York City annually since 1877. Currently, the breed and Junior Showmanship competitions are held at Piers 92 and 94, while the group and Best in Show competitions are held at Madison Square Garden. The number of entries is so large at nearly 3000 that two days are required for all dogs to be judged.
Website: hwww.westminsterkennelclub.org
First occurred: May 08, 1877

wiki/Westminster_Kennel_Club_Dog_Show
The first business to sell Coca-Cola was at the soda fountain in Jacob's Pharmacy, 1886, in Atlanta, Georgia (© John Van Hasselt/Sygma/Corbis)(1886) First bottles of Coca-Cola sold
Jacob’s Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, begins offering a bubbly beverage called Coca-Cola, a patent medicine said to ease ailments such as dyspepsia, headache, impotence, and morphine addiction. The drink will become rather popular as time goes by.
Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company. Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century. The drink’s name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts and coca leaves. The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.
Website: www.cocacola.com
Inventor: John Pemberton

wiki/Coca-Cola
The ruins of Rue Victor Hugo and La Place Du Mouillage after the blast of the Mount Pelée volcano on May 10, 1902 at St. Pierre, Martinique (© Archive Farms/Getty Images)(1902) Saint-Pierre buried after Mount Pelée erupts on Martinique
Called “the Paris of the Caribbean,” Saint-Pierre is wiped off the map as Martinique’s Mount Pelée volcano erupts with a fury, sending black clouds of superheated gases and dust 420 mph over the seaside town. More than 30,000 will perish in what will be the worst volcanic disaster of the 20th century.
Mount Pelée is a semi-active volcano at the northern end of Martinique, an island and French overseas department in the Lesser Antilles island arc of the Caribbean. Its volcanic cone is composed of layers of volcanic ash and hardened lava. The volcano is currently in a quiescent state, which means it is not active, but is registering seismic activity.
Last eruption: 1932
Elevation: 4,583 feet (1,397 m)
Prominence: 4,583 feet (1,397 m)
Mountain range: Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc

wiki/Mount_Pelée
People celebrating VE Day along the Champs Élysées in Paris on May 8, 1945 (© Serge DE SAZO/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)(1945) German surrender ends WWII in Europe
With the unconditional surrender of the German military now official, the Allies and their supporters celebrate with massive VE Day demonstrations around the globe. The deadliest conflict in world history is over in Europe, but WWII still rages on in the Pacific.
Victory in Europe Day, generally known as V-E Day, VE Day or simply V Day, was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender of its armed forces. It thus marked the end of World War II in Europe.
Allied Army Positions on May 10 1945

wiki/Victory_in_Europe_Day
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