1877

Today in History 09/24 (Devils Tower)

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Devils Tower in the Black Hills region of Wyoming (© Jean-Marc Giboux/Liaison/Getty Images)(1906) Wyoming’s monolith becomes a monument
Likely formed by a 40 million-year-old igneous intrusion, a 1,267-foot-high rock formation jutting from Wyoming’s Black Hills is designated as America’s first National Monument. Native Americans will petition that the name be changed from ‘Devils Tower’ to the Lakota ‘Bear Lodge.’
Devils Tower is a laccolithic butte composed of igneous rock in the Bear Lodge Mountains near Hulett and Sundance in Crook County, northeastern Wyoming, above the Belle Fourche River. It rises dramatically 1,267 feet above the Belle Fourche River, standing 867 feet from summit to base. The summit is 5,112 feet above sea level.
Phone: (307) 467-5283
Elevation: 5,112 feet
Area: 2.10 sq miles
Managed by: National Park Service
Established: Sep 24, 1906
First ascent: Jul 04, 1893

Devils Tower National Monument at sunset in Wyoming, United States
Devils Tower National Monument at sunset in Wyoming, United States
wiki/Devils_Tower
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(1906) Wyoming’s monolith becomes a monument.
Also on this day,

1877 | Japan’s Satsuma Rebellion ends with the samurai’s last stand
A Westernized army is replacing the samurai warrior class and this loss of status has incited Saigō Takamori to lead 40,000 samurai in the Satsuma Rebellion. Samurai defeats, however, have left just 500 or so warriors to fight one last stand against 30,000 Imperial Army troops at the Battle of Shiroyama.
1957 | Ebbet’s Field bids farewell to their beloved ‘bums’ the Brooklyn Dodgers
The Brooklyn Dodgers beat the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-0 in a bittersweet victory as the Dodgers plays their final game at Ebbet’s Field. Just two years after winning their first World Series, the team’s been bought and will be moving to Los Angeles, much to the chagrin of their New York fans.
1982 | Prince predicts premillennial partying in ‘1999’
‘1999,’ the title track to the fifth album by rising Minneapolis music star Prince, hits the record stores and the airwaves. Its mixture of dance-party groove, cutting-edge synthesizers, and anti-nuke message grabs listeners almost two decades before the song’s titular time frame.

Today in History 09/24/17

Artist depiction of the Satsuma Rebellion (© Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images)(1877) Japan's Satsuma Rebellion ends with the samurai's last stand
A Westernized army is replacing the samurai warrior class and this loss of status has incited Saigō Takamori to lead 40,000 samurai in the Satsuma Rebellion. Samurai defeats, however, have left just 500 or so warriors to fight one last stand against 30,000 Imperial Army troops at the Battle of Shiroyama.
The Battle of Shiroyama took place on 24 September 1877, in Kagoshima, Japan. It was the final battle of the Satsuma Rebellion, where the heavily outnumbered samurai under Saigō Takamori made their last stand against Imperial Japanese Army troops under the command of Generals Yamagata Aritomo and Kawamura Sumiyoshi. The battle culminated in the annihilation of Saigō's army as well as his death, marking the end of the Satsuma Rebellion.
Date: Sep 24, 1877

wiki/Battle_of_Shiroyama
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Today in History 01/08/18

Painting on cloth by Kills Two (1869-1927), Sioux Indian, of the conflict between General George Custer & Crazy Horse (© Universal History Archive/Getty Images)(1877) Crazy Horse’s last stand
A victor at Little Big Horn just six months earlier, Crazy Horse finds himself under attack by US forces. After exhausting all ammunition, the Oglala Lakota leader and his followers retreat, and by May, he and his surviving band will surrender.
The Battle of Wolf Mountain, also known the Battle of the Wolf Mountains, Miles’s Battle on the Tongue River, the Battle of the Butte and called the Battle of Belly Butte by the Northern Cheyenne, occurred January 8, 1877, in southern Montana Territory between soldiers of the United States Army against Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne warriors during the Great Sioux War of 1876. It was fought about four miles southwest of modern-day Birney, along the Tongue River. In 2001, the Wolf Mountains Battlefield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was raised to the status of National Historic Landmark in 2008.
Date: Jan 08, 1877

wiki/Battle_of_Wolf_Mountain
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Today in History 09/24/17

Artist depiction of the Satsuma Rebellion (© Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images)(1877) Japan’s Satsuma Rebellion ends with the samurai’s last stand
A Westernized army is replacing the samurai warrior class and this loss of status has incited Saigō Takamori to lead 40,000 samurai in the Satsuma Rebellion. Samurai defeats, however, have left just 500 or so warriors to fight one last stand against 30,000 Imperial Army troops at the Battle of Shiroyama.
The Battle of Shiroyama took place on 24 September 1877, in Kagoshima, Japan. It was the final battle of the Satsuma Rebellion, where the heavily outnumbered samurai under Saigō Takamori made their last stand against Imperial Japanese Army troops under the command of Generals Yamagata Aritomo and Kawamura Sumiyoshi. The battle culminated in the annihilation of Saigō’s army as well as his death, marking the end of the Satsuma Rebellion.
Date: Sep 24, 1877

wiki/Battle_of_Shiroyama
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Today in History 06/21/17

Illustration of a meeting of 'Molly Maguire' men during a strike at a coal mine circa 1870 (© Kean Collection/Getty Images)(1877) Irish immigrant activists executed in Pennsylvania
Ten men are executed for murder in two separate Pennsylvania hangings, but the guilty verdicts against the ‘Molly Maguires,’ a group of Irish immigrant coal miners, will remain controversial, as many believe they were made martyrs for attempting to unionize fellow workers.
The Molly Maguires was an Irish 19th-century secret society active in Ireland, Liverpool and parts of the eastern United States, best known for their activism among Irish-American and Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania. After a series of often violent conflicts, twenty suspected members of the Molly Maguires were convicted of murder and other crimes and were executed by hanging in 1877 and 1878. This history remains part of local Pennsylvania lore.
wiki/Molly_Maguires
1964 FBI poster seeking information as to the whereabouts of Andrew Goodman, James Earl Chaney and Michael Henry Schwerner, civil rights campaigners who went missing in Mississippi. (© MPI/Getty Images)(1964) Three civil rights workers disappear in Mississippi
Andrew Goodman, James Chaney, and Mickey Schwerner are in Mississippi to register black voters, and after being arrested and released by the local sheriff, are never seen alive again. Eighteen people will be charged with their deaths in what becomes known as the ‘Mississippi Burning’ murders.
In June 1964 in Neshoba County, Mississippi, three civil rights workers were abducted and murdered in an act of racial violence. The victims were Andrew Goodman and Michael “Mickey” Schwerner from New York City, and James Chaney from Meridian, Mississippi. All three were associated with the Council of Federated Organizations and its member organization the Congress of Racial Equality. They had been working with the “Freedom Summer” campaign by attempting to register African Americans in the southern states to vote. This registration effort was a part of contesting over 70 years of laws and practices that supported a systematic policy of disenfranchisement of potential black voters by several southern states that began in 1890.
Date: Jun 21, 1964

wiki/Mississippi_civil_rights_workers’_murders
Pelé celebrates scoring for Brazil against Italy in the World Cup final on June 21, 1970 (© Varley/Colosport/Rex Features)(1970) Pelé and Brazil win World Cup in legendary final
Mexico City’s Azteca Stadium is filled to the brim as Brazil and Italy meet in football’s World Cup final. The game will pass into legend, in part for superstar Pelé’s magnificent athleticism, and team captain Carlos Alberto’s final goal, considered by many the greatest of all time.
The 1970 FIFA World Cup Final was held on Sunday, 21 June, in the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City, to determine the winner of the 1970 FIFA World Cup. This final, between Brazil and Italy, marked the first time that two former world champions met in a final; Italy had previously won the World Cup in 1934 and 1938, while Brazil won in 1958 and 1962.
Date: Jun 21, 1970
Champion: Brazil national football team

wiki/1970_FIFA_World_Cup_Final
US Marshalls escort John Hinckley Jr. as he returns to a marine base via helicopter in Quantico, Virginia, on Aug 8, 1981 (© Barry Thumma/AP)(1982) Would-be presidential assassin is found legally insane
Having shot six times at President Ronald Reagan in an assassination attempt, John Hinckley, Jr. is found not guilty by reason of insanity. The verdict will spur much argument, leading states to change or even abolish laws allowing the admissibility of the insanity defense in US courts.
John Warnock Hinckley Jr. is an American citizen who, on March 30, 1981, attempted to assassinate U.S. President Ronald Reagan in Washington, D.C. Hinckley wounded Reagan with a bullet that ricocheted and hit him in the chest. Hinckley also wounded police officer Thomas Delahanty and Secret Service agent Timothy McCarthy, and critically wounded Press Secretary James Brady. All of the shooting victims survived, although Brady’s 2014 death was later ruled a homicide 33 years after he was shot.
Born: May 29, 1955 (age 62) · Ardmore, OK
Parents: Jo Ann Moore · John Warnock Hinckley Sr.
Siblings: Scott · Diane
Education: Yale University · Texas Tech University · Highland Park High School
Highlights
  • 1955: John Warnock Hinckley Jr. was born on May 29, 1955 in Ardmore, Oklahoma, and moved with his wealthy family to Dallas, Texas, at the age of 4.

  • 1981: On March 30, 1981, at 2:27 p.m. local time, Hinckley shot a .22 caliber Röhm RG-14 revolver six times at Reagan as he left the Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C., after the president addressed an AFL–CIO conference.

  • 1982: At his trial in 1982, in Washington, D.C., having been charged with 13 offenses, Hinckley was found not guilty by reason of insanity on June 21.

  • 2005: On December 30, 2005, a federal judge ruled that Hinckley would be allowed visits, supervised by his parents, to their home in Williamsburg, Virginia.

  • 2011: On March 29, 2011, the day before the 30th anniversary of the assassination attempt, Hinckley’s attorney filed a court petition requesting more freedom for his client, including additional unsupervised visits to the Virginia home of Hinckley’s mother, Joanne.

  • 2016: Hinckley was released from institutional psychiatric care on September 10, 2016, and will live full-time at his mother’s home.

wiki/John_Hinckley_Jr.
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Today in History 05/08/17

Rumor the German Shepherd at the Westminster Kennel Club 141st Annual Dog Show (© Eugene Gologursky/WireImage/Getty Images)(1877) First Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show held
A group of hunters who had formed the Westminster Kennel Club hold their first dog show at Gilmore’s Garden, later renamed Madison Square Garden. The show is an immediate success and will become the second-longest running continuously held sporting event in the U.S.
The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a prestigious all-breed conformation show that has been held in New York City annually since 1877. Currently, the breed and Junior Showmanship competitions are held at Piers 92 and 94, while the group and Best in Show competitions are held at Madison Square Garden. The number of entries is so large at nearly 3000 that two days are required for all dogs to be judged.
Website: hwww.westminsterkennelclub.org
First occurred: May 08, 1877

wiki/Westminster_Kennel_Club_Dog_Show
The first business to sell Coca-Cola was at the soda fountain in Jacob's Pharmacy, 1886, in Atlanta, Georgia (© John Van Hasselt/Sygma/Corbis)(1886) First bottles of Coca-Cola sold
Jacob’s Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, begins offering a bubbly beverage called Coca-Cola, a patent medicine said to ease ailments such as dyspepsia, headache, impotence, and morphine addiction. The drink will become rather popular as time goes by.
Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company. Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century. The drink’s name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts and coca leaves. The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.
Website: www.cocacola.com
Inventor: John Pemberton

wiki/Coca-Cola
The ruins of Rue Victor Hugo and La Place Du Mouillage after the blast of the Mount Pelée volcano on May 10, 1902 at St. Pierre, Martinique (© Archive Farms/Getty Images)(1902) Saint-Pierre buried after Mount Pelée erupts on Martinique
Called “the Paris of the Caribbean,” Saint-Pierre is wiped off the map as Martinique’s Mount Pelée volcano erupts with a fury, sending black clouds of superheated gases and dust 420 mph over the seaside town. More than 30,000 will perish in what will be the worst volcanic disaster of the 20th century.
Mount Pelée is a semi-active volcano at the northern end of Martinique, an island and French overseas department in the Lesser Antilles island arc of the Caribbean. Its volcanic cone is composed of layers of volcanic ash and hardened lava. The volcano is currently in a quiescent state, which means it is not active, but is registering seismic activity.
Last eruption: 1932
Elevation: 4,583 feet (1,397 m)
Prominence: 4,583 feet (1,397 m)
Mountain range: Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc

wiki/Mount_Pelée
People celebrating VE Day along the Champs Élysées in Paris on May 8, 1945 (© Serge DE SAZO/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)(1945) German surrender ends WWII in Europe
With the unconditional surrender of the German military now official, the Allies and their supporters celebrate with massive VE Day demonstrations around the globe. The deadliest conflict in world history is over in Europe, but WWII still rages on in the Pacific.
Victory in Europe Day, generally known as V-E Day, VE Day or simply V Day, was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender of its armed forces. It thus marked the end of World War II in Europe.
Allied Army Positions on May 10 1945

wiki/Victory_in_Europe_Day
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