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Major Mike

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1779

Today in History 02/14/17

February 14, 2017 by GµårÐïåñ
Illustration of Saint Valentine, artist unknown (© Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)(273) Saint Valentine is martyred
The Catholic Church tells of a Bishop Valentine who, in part because he married couples without Imperial Rome’s consent, is imprisoned, tortured, and beheaded on this day. He will eventually become the patron saint of love.

On February 14, around the year 278A.D., Valentine, a holy priest in Rome in the days of Emperor Claudius II, was executed.

Under the rule of Claudius the Cruel, Rome was involved in many unpopular and bloody campaigns. The emperor had to maintain a strong army, but was having a difficult time getting soldiers to join his military leagues. Claudius believed that Roman men were unwilling to join the army because of their strong attachment to their wives and families.

To get rid of the problem, Claudius banned all marriages and engagements in Rome. Valentine, realizing the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius and continued to perform marriages for young lovers in secret.

When Valentine’s actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death. Valentine was arrested and dragged before the Prefect of Rome, who condemned him to be beaten to death with clubs and to have his head cut off. The sentence was carried out on February 14, on or about the year 270.

Legend also has it that while in jail, St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer’s daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it “From Your Valentine.”

For his great service, Valentine was named a saint after his death.

In truth, the exact origins and identity of St. Valentine are unclear. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, “At least three different Saint Valentines, all of them martyrs, are mentioned in the early martyrologies under the date of 14 February.” One was a priest in Rome, the second one was a bishop of Interamna (now Terni, Italy) and the third St. Valentine was a martyr in the Roman province of Africa.

Legends vary on how the martyr’s name became connected with romance. The date of his death may have become mingled with the Feast of Lupercalia, a pagan festival of love. On these occasions, the names of young women were placed in a box, from which they were drawn by the men as chance directed. In 496 AD, Pope Gelasius decided to put an end to the Feast of Lupercalia, and he declared that February 14 be celebrated as St Valentine’s Day.

Gradually, February 14 became a date for exchanging love messages, poems and simple gifts such as flowers.


www.history.com/this-day-in-history/st-valentine-beheaded
Related: wiki/Saint_Valentine
Related: wiki/Valentine’s_Day
The Death of Captain James Cook' by John Webber (© Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)(1779) Captain James Cook killed in Hawaii
After exploring and mapping vast areas of the globe, including the Hawaiian Islands, the Australian coast, and New Zealand, Captain Cook comes into conflict with a group of native Hawaiians during his third voyage. In the heat of tensions and misunderstandings, Cook and four of his crew are killed.
Captain James Cook FRS RN was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy. Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.
Lived: Nov 07, 1728 – Feb 14, 1779 (age 50)
Education: Postgate School, Great Ayton
Children: Joseph Cook (Son) · Nathaniel Cook (Son) · Elizabeth Cook (Daughter) · George Cook (Son) · Hugh Cook (Son)
Siblings: Margaret Cook (Sister) · John Cook (Brother) · William Cook (Brother) · Jane Cook (Sister) · Christiana Cook (Sister) · Mary Cook (Sister) · Elizabeth Cook · Nathaniel Cook · George Cook
Parents: Grace Pace Cook (Mother) · Elizabeth Batts (Mother)
Awards: Copley Medal (1776)
Highlights
  • 1762: Cook married Elizabeth Batts (1742–1835), the daughter of Samuel Batts, keeper of the Bell Inn, Wapping and one of his mentors, on 21 December 1762 at St Margaret’s Church, Barking, Essex.

  • 1771: He returned to England via Batavia (modern Jakarta, Indonesia where many in his crew succumbed to malaria), the Cape of Good Hope, and arriving on the island of Saint Helena on 12 July 1771.

  • 1771: Shortly after his return from the first voyage, Cook was promoted in August 1771, to the rank of commander.

  • 1776: It was for presenting a paper on this aspect of the voyage to the Royal Society that he was presented with the Copley Medal in 1776.

  • 1778: After dropping Omai at Tahiti, Cook travelled north and in 1778 became the first European to begin formal contact with the Hawaiian Islands.

  • 1779: Cook was attacked and killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians during his third exploratory voyage in the Pacific in 1779.

wiki/James_Cook
Crowds stand outside a garage as men move a stretcher carrying the body of a murder victim after the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, Chicago, 1929 (© Chicago History Museum/Getty Images)(1929) Gangster’s guns blaze in St. Valentine’s Day Massacre
Chicago crime kingpin Al Capone sends soldiers to a North Side garage where they line up seven rival gang members and kill them execution-style in a hail of bullets. The hit will become a press sensation and redouble efforts by authorities to bring Capone’s crime reign to an end.
The Saint Valentine’s Day Massacre is the name given to the February 14, 1929 murder of seven men of the North Side Irish gang during the Prohibition Era. It resulted from the struggle – between the Irish American gang and the South Side Italian gang led by Al Capone – to take control of organized crime in Chicago. Former members of the Egan’s Rats gang were suspected of a significant role in the incident, assisting Capone.
Date: Feb 14, 1929

wiki/Saint_Valentine’s_Day_Massacre
YouTube co-founders Steven Chen, left, and Chad Hurley pose at their San Bruno, California, headquarters on Friday, Nov 10, 2006 (© Noah Berger/AP)(2005) YouTube is launched
Three former employees of PayPal, frustrated at not being able to share digital videos with one another, open an office above a pizzeria in San Mateo, California, and launch the site that will allow anyone to upload, view, and share videos of cute cats and virtually anything else as well.
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005. In November 2006, it was bought by Google for US$1.65 billion. YouTube now operates as one of Google’s subsidiaries. The site allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report and comment on videos, and it makes use of WebM, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, and Adobe Flash Video technology to display a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos. Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.
Customer service: +1 650-253-0000
Founded: Feb 14, 2005 · San Mateo, CA
CEO: Susan Wojcicki (2014)
Founders: Jawed Karim · Steve Chen · Chad Hurley
Headquarters: San Bruno, CA
Awards: NME Award for Best Website (2009, 2007) · Peabody Award (2008) · Technology & Engineering Emmy Award for the Personalized Recommendation Engines for Video Discovery (2014) · International Digital Emmy Pioneer Prize

wiki/YouTube
3.2.j17

Posted in: History Tagged: 1779, 1929, 2005, 273, history

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